Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swōgijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *swōgiz (“noise, sound”) +‎ *-janą, or *swōganą (“to sound, sigh”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈswɔː.ɣi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*swōgijaną^[1]

to sound
to sigh

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*swōgijō	*swōgijaų	—	*swōgijai	?
2nd singular	*swōgīsi	*swōgijais	*swōgī	*swōgijasai	*swōgijaisau
3rd singular	*swōgīþi	*swōgijai	*swōgijaþau	*swōgijaþai	*swōgijaiþau
1st dual	*swōgijōs	*swōgijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*swōgijaþiz	*swōgijaiþiz	*swōgijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*swōgijamaz	*swōgijaim	—	*swōgijanþai	*swōgijainþau
2nd plural	*swōgīþ	*swōgijaiþ	*swōgīþ	*swōgijanþai	*swōgijainþau
3rd plural	*swōgijanþi	*swōgijain	*swōgijanþau	*swōgijanþai	*swōgijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*swōgidǭ	*swōgidēdį̄
2nd singular	*swōgidēz	*swōgidēdīz
3rd singular	*swōgidē	*swōgidēdī
1st dual	*swōgidēdū	*swōgidēdīw
2nd dual	*swōgidēdudiz	*swōgidēdīdiz
1st plural	*swōgidēdum	*swōgidēdīm
2nd plural	*swōgidēdud	*swōgidēdīd
3rd plural	*swōgidēdun	*swōgidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*swōgijandz	*swōgidaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *swōgijan
- Old English: swēgan
- Old Saxon: *swōgian
  - Middle Low German: *swȫgen
    - Low German: swögen
Gothic: *𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*swōgjan)
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaswōgjan)
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ufswōgjan)

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*swōgjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 397

[Orel-1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*swōgjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 397

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