Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(H)rewH-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/Hrew- and Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃rewH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

*HrewH-^[1]
*rewH-^[2]

Etymology

Perhaps an extension of *Hrew-.

Root

*(H)rewH-^[3]^[4]

to dig out, to root
to rip (open), to tear (open)

Derived terms

Category Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(H)rewH- not found

*(H)réwH-ti ~ *(H)ruH-énti (athematic root present)^[2]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan:
    - Sanskrit: रवत् (rávat, 3sg.subj.)
- Proto-Tocharian:
  - Tocharian A: rwātsi (inf.)
  - Tocharian B: rwātär (3sg.mid.)
*(H)réwH-e-ti (thematic present)
- Proto-Germanic: *rewaną (“to tear, jerk, fight”)^[5]
  - Icelandic: rjá (“to wrestle, fight; to move, tear”)
- Proto-Italic: *rowō
  - Latin: ruō (“to dig out”)
*(H)ruH-yé-ti (yé-present)^[2]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rúˀtei (with secondarily introduced non-zero grade in Baltic)
  - Latvian: raût
  - Lithuanian: ráuti
  - Proto-Slavic: *ryti (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *rūjaną (or derived from a noun^[6])
  - Old Norse: rýja
    - Icelandic: rýja
*(H)rḗwH-s-t ~ *(H)réw-s-n̥t (s-aorist)^[2]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan:
    - Sanskrit: राविषम् (rā́viṣam, 1sg.aor.subj.)^[7]
*(H)r(e)wH-tro-m
- Proto-Italic:
  - Latin: rutrum
*(H)ruH-dʰlo-m
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rūˀdla
  - Proto-Slavic: *rydlo (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

Balto-Slavic:
- Proto-Slavic: *rъvati (see there for further descendants)
Balto-Slavic:
- Lithuanian: ravė́ti
Proto-Germanic: *rawwō^[8]
- Old Norse: rǫggr, rǫgg
  - → English: rag
  - Icelandic: rögg
  - Swedish: ragg
  - Norwegian: ragg

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
  - Sanskrit: रु (ru, “to break, hurt”)
Proto-Tocharian: *ru-
- Tocharian A: ru-
- Tocharian B: ru-

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 510
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ruō, -ere 2 'to churn or plough up, dig out'”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 530-531
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rỳti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 442
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rewan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 411-412
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rūjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 416-417
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “rav”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 412
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rawwō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[4], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 407

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[LIV-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 510

[3] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ruō, -ere 2 'to churn or plough up, dig out'”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 530-531

[4] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rỳti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 442

[5] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rewan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 411-412

[6] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rūjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 416-417

[7] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “rav”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 412

[8] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rawwō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[4], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 407

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