Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰéntis

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *gʷʰen- (“to strike, slay”) +‎ *-tis (abstract or action suffix).

Noun

*gʷʰéntis f[1]

  1. striking, killing

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
singular
nominative *gʷʰéntis
genitive *gʷʰn̥téys
singular dual plural
nominative *gʷʰéntis *gʷʰéntih₁(e) *gʷʰénteyes
vocative *gʷʰénti *gʷʰéntih₁(e) *gʷʰénteyes
accusative *gʷʰéntim *gʷʰéntih₁(e) *gʷʰéntims
genitive *gʷʰn̥téys *? *gʷʰn̥téyoHom
ablative *gʷʰn̥téys *? *gʷʰn̥tímos, *gʷʰn̥tíbʰos
dative *gʷʰn̥téyey *? *gʷʰn̥tímos, *gʷʰn̥tíbʰos
locative *gʷʰn̥téy, *gʷʰn̥tḗy *? *gʷʰn̥tísu
instrumental *gʷʰn̥tíh₁ *? *gʷʰn̥tímis, *gʷʰn̥tíbʰis

Descendants

  • Proto-Germanic: *gunþiz (via an intermediate form where *gʷʰ delabialized to *gʰ) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰʰátis
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰátiṣ
    • Proto-Iranian: *ǰánti
      • Eastern Iranian:
        • Avestan: 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (jaiṇti)
      • Southwestern Iranian:
        • Old Persian: 𐎩𐎫𐎡𐎹 (jaⁿtiy, “to strike, defeat”) (root [Term?] (/⁠ja(n)-⁠/))
          • Middle Persian: [script needed] (MHYTWN-n /⁠zadan⁠/) (root [script needed] (zn- /⁠zan-⁠/))

References

  1. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
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