Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ln̥gʷʰrós
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *h₁lengʷʰ- (“lightweight”) + *-rós (Caland system suffix).
Adjective
*h₁ln̥gʷʰrós[1]
Inflection
| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrós | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂ | |
| genitive | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrósyo | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrós | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróh₁ | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróes |
| vocative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰré | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróh₁ | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróes |
| accusative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróm | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróh₁ | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróms |
| genitive | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrósyo | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróHom |
| ablative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréad | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrómos, *h₁ln̥gʷʰróbʰos |
| dative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróey | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrómos, *h₁ln̥gʷʰróbʰos |
| locative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréy, *h₁ln̥gʷʰróy | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróysu |
| instrumental | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróh₁ | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrṓys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂ | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂h₁(e) | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂es |
| vocative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂ | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂h₁(e) | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂es |
| accusative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrā́m | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂h₁(e) | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂s | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂oHom |
| ablative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂s | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂mos, *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂bʰos |
| dative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂ey | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂mos, *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂bʰos |
| locative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂, *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂i | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂su |
| instrumental | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂h₁ | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂mis, *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróm | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróy(h₁) | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂ |
| vocative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróm | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróy(h₁) | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂ |
| accusative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróm | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróy(h₁) | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréh₂ |
| genitive | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrósyo | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróHom |
| ablative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréad | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrómos, *h₁ln̥gʷʰróbʰos |
| dative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróey | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrómos, *h₁ln̥gʷʰróbʰos |
| locative | *h₁ln̥gʷʰréy, *h₁ln̥gʷʰróy | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróysu |
| instrumental | *h₁ln̥gʷʰróh₁ | *? | *h₁ln̥gʷʰrṓys |
Descendants
- Proto-Germanic: *lungraz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *eləpʰrós
- Ancient Greek: ἐλαφρός (elaphrós)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hlagʰrás
- Proto-Iranian: *Hlagráh
- Old Persian: *lagraʰ
- Middle Persian: *lāgar
- Persian: لاغر (lâġar)
- Middle Persian: *lāgar
- Old Persian: *lagraʰ
- Proto-Iranian: *Hlagráh
References
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN