Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Háȷ́ʰr̥
Proto-Indo-Iranian
Etymology
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *Héǵʰr̥?
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háȷ́ʰr̥
Presumably from Proto-Indo-European *Héǵʰ-r̥ ~ *Heǵʰ-n-é-. Mayrhofer connects this with Proto-Germanic *dagaz and *dōg-, with both being from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ- (“day”) and Indo-Iranian having undergone unusual initial *dʰ- > *H-.
In Iranian, an r/n-stem relative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyeri (“early”) (whence also Ancient Greek ἄριστον (áriston, “breakfast”) and Proto-Germanic *airi (“early”)) merged with this word to form a suppletive paradigm in which all forms of *Háȷ́ʰr̥ without a *ȷ́ʰn cluster replaced the palatovelar with *y.[1]
Noun
*Háȷ́ʰr̥ ~ *Haȷ́ʰnás n[2]
Declension
| neuter consonant stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *Háȷ́ʰr̥ | *Háȷ́ʰniH | *Háȷ́ʰār |
| vocative | *Háȷ́ʰr̥ | *Háȷ́ʰniH | *Háȷ́ʰār |
| accusative | *Háȷ́ʰr̥ | *Háȷ́ʰniH | *Háȷ́ʰār |
| instrumental | *Haȷ́ʰnáH | *Haȷ́ʰábʰyā(m) | *Haȷ́ʰábʰiš |
| ablative | *Haȷ́ʰnás | *Haȷ́ʰábʰyā(m) | *Haȷ́ʰábʰyaH |
| dative | *Haȷ́ʰnáy | *Haȷ́ʰábʰyā(m) | *Haȷ́ʰábʰyaH |
| genitive | *Haȷ́ʰnás | *Haȷ́ʰaHā́s | *Haȷ́ʰnáHam |
| locative | *Haȷ́ʰán(i) | *Haȷ́ʰaHáw | *Haȷ́ʰásu |
Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
- Proto-Iranian: *Háyar
- Avestan: 𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬭 (aiiār)
References
- ^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2015) “Suppletive Phenomena in Older Indo-Iranian Noun Inflection”, in Diachrony and Suppletion[1], Prague
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “ahán-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 154