Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Wr̥tragʰnás
Proto-Indo-Iranian
Etymology
From *wr̥trás (“shield, cover, obstacle”) + *gʰan- (“to slay”) + *-ás, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cover”), *gʷʰen- (“to strike, slay”) and *-ós (agentive suffix), respectively. Literally, "the destroyer of obstacles".
Proper noun
*Wr̥tragʰnás m
Declension
| masculine a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *Wr̥tragʰnás | *Wr̥tragʰnā́(w) | *Wr̥tragʰnā́s(as) |
| vocative | *Wr̥trágʰna | *Wr̥trágʰnā(w) | *Wr̥trágʰnās(as) |
| accusative | *Wr̥tragʰnám | *Wr̥tragʰnā́(w) | *Wr̥tragʰnā́ns |
| instrumental | *Wr̥tragʰnáH | *Wr̥tragʰnáybʰyā(m) | *Wr̥tragʰnā́yš |
| ablative | *Wr̥tragʰnā́t | *Wr̥tragʰnáybʰyā(m) | *Wr̥tragʰnáybʰyas |
| dative | *Wr̥tragʰnā́y | *Wr̥tragʰnáybʰyā(m) | *Wr̥tragʰnáybʰyas |
| genitive | *Wr̥tragʰnásya | *Wr̥tragʰnáyās | *Wr̥tragʰnā́naHam |
| locative | *Wr̥tragʰnáy | *Wr̥tragʰnáyaw | *Wr̥tragʰnáyšu |
Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Wr̥tragʰnás
- Sanskrit: *वृत्रघ्न (*vṛtraghná)
- ⇒ Sanskrit: वार्त्रघ्न (vārtraghna, “pertaining to Indra”, vriddhi)
- Sanskrit: *वृत्रघ्न (*vṛtraghná)
- Proto-Iranian: *Wr̥tragnáh
- Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬖𐬥𐬀 (vərəθraγna, “Verethragna”)
- Bactrian: ορλαγνο (orlagno)
- Khwarezmian: [script needed] (wxrʾn /Waxurān/)
- Sogdian: [script needed] (wyδrʾɣn /Wēžaɣn/), 𐫇𐫢𐫄𐫗 (wšɣn /w(i)šaɣn/)
- Parthian: 𐭅𐭓𐭉𐭇𐭓𐭌 (wryḥrm /Warahrām, Wahrām/)
- Middle Persian: 𐭥𐭫𐭧𐭫𐭠𐭭 (wlḥlʾn /Warahrām, Warahrān, Wahrām/)
- Persian: بهرام (bahrâm)
- → Middle Armenian: Բերամ (Beram), Պերամ (Peram)
- Persian: بهرام (bahrâm)
- → Old Armenian: Վահագն (Vahagn)
- → Old Armenian: Վահրամ (Vahram)
- → Old Armenian: Վռամ (Vṙam)
- → Classical Syriac: [script needed] (Varaθrān)
- → Classical Mandaic: [script needed] (Bahrān)
- → Ancient Greek: Οὐαράχης (Ouarákhēs), Οὐαραράχης (Ouararákhēs), Οὐαραράνης (Ouararánēs), Οὐαράνης (Ouaránēs), Οὐαράκης (Ouarákēs), Οὐαραράκης (Ouararákēs), Οὐαρανᾶς (Ouaranâs), Γοροράνης (Gororánēs), Γοράννης (Goránnēs), Βάραμος (Báramos), Βαράμ (Barám)
- → Latin: Varanes
Further reading
- Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1962) “Վահագն”, in Hayocʻ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Personal Names of Armenians] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: University Press, pages 8–9
- Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, pages 75–78
- Justi, Ferdinand (1895) Iranisches Namenbuch[1] (in German), Marburg: N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, pages 361–365
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “vṛtrá-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University