Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/bʰúHmiš

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be”).

Noun

*bʰúHmiš f

earth, land

Declension

masculine/feminine i-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bʰúHmiš	*bʰúHmiH	*bʰúHmayas
vocative	*bʰúHmay	*bʰúHmiH	*bʰúHmayas
accusative	*bʰúHmim	*bʰúHmiH	*bʰúHminš
instrumental	*bʰúHmiH	*bʰúHmibʰyā(m)	*bʰúHmibʰiš
ablative	*bʰúHmayš	*bʰúHmibʰyā(m)	*bʰúHmibʰyas
dative	*bʰúHmayay	*bʰúHmibʰyā(m)	*bʰúHmibʰyas
genitive	*bʰúHmayš	*bʰúHmiyās	*bʰúHmiHnaHam
locative	*bʰúHmāy	*bʰúHmiyaw	*bʰúHmišu

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHmiṣ
- Sanskrit: भूमि (bhū́mi)
  - Dardic:
    - Kalasha: (“earth; ground”)
      Arabic script: بھُوم
      
      Latin script: bhum
    - Khowar: بوم (bum)
  - Assamese: ভূঁই (bhũi)
  - Pali: bhūmi
  - Gujarati: ભોંય (bhõya), ભોં (bhõ)
Proto-Iranian: *búHmiš
- Avestan: 𐬠𐬏𐬨𐬌 (būmi)
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: بوو (bû), بووم (bûm) (in compounds)
- Old Persian: 𐏏 (BU /⁠būmiš⁠/)
  - Middle Persian: 𐭡𐭥𐭬 (bʿm /⁠būm⁠/)
    - Persian: بوم (bum)
Proto-Nuristani: *bū́mi
- Northern Nuristani:
  - Kamkata-viri:
    Kamviri: bǘm
    
    Kativiri: bím
    - → Prasuni: bím
- Southern Nuristani:
  - Ashkun: búm
  - Waigali: büm