Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/wā́kš

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs (“speech, voice”).[1]

    Noun

    *wā́kš f

    1. speech, voice

    Inflection

    consonant stem
    singular dual plural
    nominative *wā́kš *wā́čā(w) *wā́čas
    vocative *wáč *wā́čā(w) *wā́čas
    accusative *wā́čam *wā́čā(w) *wáčas
    instrumental *wáčaH *wágbʰyā(m) *wágbʰiš
    ablative *wáčas *wágbʰyā(m) *wágbʰyaH
    dative *wáčay *wágbʰyā(m) *wágbʰyaH
    genitive *wáčas *wáčHās *wáčaHam
    locative *wáči *wáčHaw *wákšu

    Descendants

    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wā́k
    • Proto-Iranian: *wā́xš
      • Avestan: 𐬬𐬁𐬑𐬱 (vāxš)
      • Gurani: ۋاچ (ʋāč)
      • Kurdish:
        • Northern Kurdish: bêj
        • Central Kurdish: بێژ (bêj), ئێژ (êj)
        • Southern Kurdish: ئۊش (üş)
        • Laki: ئۊش (üş)
      • Old Persian: [script needed] (wā́z)
        • Middle Persian: 𐭥𐭠𐭰 (ʿʾc /⁠wāč, wāz⁠/)
          • Persian: آواز (âvâz) (see there for further descendants)
          • Tajik: овоз (ovoz)
      • Zazaki: vaj
      • →? Old Armenian: խաւս (xaws)

    References

    1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “vā́c-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 539-40
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