Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hstā́

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hstā́, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr.

Noun

*Hstā́

star

Inflection

consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*Hstā́	*Hstárā(w)	*Hstárah
vocative	*Hstár	*Hstárā(w)	*Hstárah
accusative	*Hstáram	*Hstárā(w)	*Hstráh
instrumental	*HstráH	*Hstŕ̥bʰyā(m)	*Hstŕ̥bʰiš
ablative	*Hstŕ̥š	*Hstŕ̥bʰyā(m)	*Hstŕ̥bʰyaH
dative	*Hstráy	*Hstŕ̥bʰyā(m)	*Hstŕ̥bʰyaH
genitive	*Hstŕ̥š	*Hstŕ̥Hāh	*HstráHam
locative	*Hstári	*Hstŕ̥Haw	*Hstŕ̥šu

Derived terms

*Hstā́rakaH^[1]
- Kurdish:
  Northern Kurdish: stêrk, histêrk
  
  Central Kurdish: ئەستێرە (estêre)
  
  Southern Kurdish: ھەسارە (hesare)
  
  Laki: ئاسارە (asare)
- Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi:
  - Mazanderani: اساره (essāre)
  - Ormuri: [script needed] (starrak)
- Old Median:
  - Alviri-Vidari: ایستاره (istāre)
- Parthian:
  Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫤𐫀𐫡𐫃 (ʾstʾrg /⁠astārag⁠/)
- Pashto: ستوری (stóray)
- Middle Persian:
  Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (stʾlk')
  
  Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (ʿstʾrg)
  - Classical Persian: سِتَارَه (sitāra)
    - Tajik: ситора (sitora)
    - → Ottoman Turkish: ستاره (sitâre)
- Proto-Scythian:
  - Digor Ossetian: ӕстъалу (æst’alu), стъалу (st’alu)
  - Iron Ossetian: стъалы (st’aly)
  - Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
    - Khotanese: 𐨮𐨿𐨟𐨀𐨪𐨀 (stāraa-), [script needed] (stāray)
    - Wakhi: [script needed] (s(ə)tōr)
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
  - Khwarezmian: [script needed] ((ʾ)stʾry̆k /⁠(ə)stāreg⁠/)
  - Proto-Sogdic:
    - Sogdian: [script needed] ((ʾ)stʾrʾk), [script needed] ((ʾ)stʾry), [script needed] (ʾstry /⁠(ə)stāreg⁠/)
    - Yagnobi: [script needed] (sⁱtṓra)
- Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:
  - Ishkashimi: [script needed] (strůk)
  - Sanglechi: [script needed] (ustᵊrū̆k)
- Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *stǣrḱ (see there for further descendants)
- Zaza-Gorani:
  - Gurani: ھەسارە (hasāra)
  - Zazaki: estare, astare, astore, ıstare, stare, istare

Descendants

Avestan: 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭 (star), 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀 (stara)
Baluchi: استار (istār)
Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: stêr
Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (stl /⁠stār⁠/)
- Persian: ستار (setâr, satâr)^[2]
  - Larestani: استار ، استره (istār, istara)

References

^ Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎^[1], Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 217
^ [2], Dehkhoda dictionary

[1] Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎^[1], Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 217

[2] [2], Dehkhoda dictionary

[1]

[2]