Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/gr̥Híš
Proto-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Híš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.
Noun
*gr̥Híš m
Inflection
| masculine/feminine i-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *gr̥Híš | *gr̥HíH | *gr̥Háyah |
| vocative | *gŕ̥Hay | *gŕ̥HiH | *gŕ̥Hayah |
| accusative | *gr̥Hím | *gr̥HíH | *gr̥Hínš |
| instrumental | *gr̥HíH | *gr̥Híbʰyā(m) | *gr̥Híbʰiš |
| ablative | *gr̥Háyš | *gr̥Híbʰyā(m) | *gr̥Híbʰyah |
| dative | *gr̥Háyay | *gr̥Híbʰyā(m) | *gr̥Híbʰyah |
| genitive | *gr̥Háyš | *gr̥Hiyā́h | *gr̥HiHnáHam |
| locative | *gr̥Hā́y | *gr̥Hiyáw | *gr̥Híšu |
Descendants
- Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬔𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (gairi)
- Northeastern Iranian:
- Khotanese: [script needed] (gara), [script needed] (ggari)
- Wakhi: ɣār (“rock”)
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
- Bactrian: γειρο (geiro /ɣīr/), γαρο (garo /ɣar/)
- Khwarezmian: غریڅیک (ɣarēcīk, “mountain”)
- Proto-Sogdic:
- Sogdian: (/γar/)
- Manichaean script: 𐫄𐫡 (ɣr)
- Sogdian script: 𐼲𐽀 (ɣr)
- Syriac script: ܮܪ
- Yagnobi: ғар (ɣar)
- Sogdian: (/γar/)
- Southeastern Iranian:
- Northwestern Iranian:
- Southwestern Iranian:
- Middle Persian:
- Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gl /gar/)
- ⇒ Middle Persian:
- Persian: گلشاه (galšâh), گرشاه (garšāh, literally “mountain king”) (family name)
- Persian: گردیز (gardêz, literally “mountain fortress”), (a city in Afghanistan)
- Middle Persian: