Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/kā́rawā

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *kā́rawāh ~ *kārawntáh (“mustered, mobilized”) +‎ *-ā (agent suffix).

Noun

*kā́rawā ~ *kārawnáh m

  1. mobilized army
  2. caravan

Descendants

  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Pashto: کاروان (kārwān)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Kurdish:
      Central Kurdish: کاروان (karwan)
      Northern Kurdish: qarvan, karvan
    • Parthian: 𐫐𐫀𐫡𐫇𐫀𐫗 (kʾrwʾn /⁠kārawān⁠/, “army on the march, army”)
      • → Old Armenian: կարաւան (karawan) (see there for further descendants)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: *kāravā
      • Middle Persian: kʾlwʾn' (kʾlwʾn' /⁠kārawān⁠/) (< acc.sg. *kāravānam or nom.pl. *kāravānah)
        • Persian: کاروان (kârvân), کارْبان (kârbân) (see there for further descendants)
      • → Achaemenid Elamite: [script needed] (kar-ra-ma-na) (< acc.sg. *kāravānam or nom.pl. *kāravānah)
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