Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/márgaH

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

Unknown; perhaps borrowed from Semitic, compare Old Babylonian 𒈥𒄖𒌋 (mar-gu-u /⁠marġû⁠/, “field”), Arabic مَرْج (marj, “meadow”), and Afroasiatic terms Dangaléat mórgó (“field”), Oromo marga (“grass”).

Noun

*márgaH f

  1. meadow, forest
  2. grass

Inflection

aH-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *márgaH *márgay *márgāh
vocative *márgay *márgay *márgāh
accusative *márgām *márgay *márgāh
instrumental *márgaH, -ayaH *márgaHbʰyā(m) *márgaHbʰiš
ablative *márgayaHh *márgaHbʰyā(m) *márgaHbʰyah
dative *márgayaHi *márgaHbʰyā(m) *márgaHbʰyah
genitive *márgayaHh *márgayHāh *márgaHnaHam
locative *márgayaH *márgayHaw *márgaHhu

Descendants

  • Central Iranian:
    • Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬖𐬀 (marəγa)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Bactrian: μαργο (margo /⁠marǧ⁠/)
      • Proto-Sogdic:
        • Sogdian: (/⁠marǧ⁠/, “meadow, forest”)
          Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫡𐫄 (mrǧ)
          Sogdian script: 𐼺𐽀𐼲 (mrɣ), 𐼺𐽀𐼲𐼰 (mrɣʾ)
          Syriac script: ܡܪܓ (mrğ)
        • Yagnobi: марғ (marġ, “grass”)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Pathan:
      • Pashto: مرغه f (marğa, (dialectal) mërğë, “fodder; meadow”)
      • Waneci: مرغه (murğa, “plain, meadow”)
    • Sanglechi: ميرغ (mērğ) (< *márgyaH)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *mǣrğǣ
      • Proto-Munji-Yidgha:
        • Munji: مرغۆ (murğo), ميرغه (mīrğa)
        • Yidgha: ميرغو (mīrğo)
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *mǣrğ́
        • Proto-Shughni-Roshani: *mȫrǰ
          • Shughni: морҷ (mōrǰ, “type of grass”)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Kurdish: (< *márgyaH)
      • Northern Kurdish: mêrg f (“meadow, prairie”)
      • Central Kurdish: مێرگ (mêrg, “meadow”)
    • Medo-Parthian:
      • Kermanic: morq (Abyanehi), marq (Jowshaqani)
      • Parthian: 𐫖𐫡𐫃 (mrg /⁠marγ⁠⁠/)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: *margā
      • Middle Persian: (/⁠marw⁠/, “herbage, grass”)
        Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫡𐫇 (mrw)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (mlw')
        • Bakhtiari: مرغ (marğ, “grassland”)
        • Classical Persian: مرغ (marġ)
          • Iranian Persian: مرغ (marġ)
          • Tajik: марғ (marġ)
          • ⇒ Classical Persian: مرغزار (marġzâr)
            • Iranian Persian: مرغزار (marġzâr)
            • Tajik: марғзор (marġzor)
            • → Kermanic: marğzār (Farizandi)
            • → Northern Kurdish: mêrgezar f (calque)
            • → Pashto: مرغ زار (marğzār)

Further reading

  • Edelʹman, D. I. (2015) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 231–234
  • “marġû B”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎[1], volume 10, M, part 1, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1977, page 278f
  • Orel, Vladimir E., Stolbova, Olga V. (1995) Hamito-Semitic Etymological Dictionary: Materials for a Reconstruction (Handbuch der Orientalistik; I.18), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill, page 378: “1741 *marVg- “field””
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