Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/woɣʷeō
Proto-Italic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wogʷʰéyeti, a causative verb; ultimately, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wegʷʰ- (to promise; to praise). Cognates include Ancient Greek εὔχομαι (eúkhomai), Sanskrit वाघत् (vāghát) and Old Armenian գոգեմ (gogem).
Verb
*woɣʷeō first-singular present indicative[1]
Inflection
| Inflection of *woɣʷeō (second conjugation causative) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *woɣʷeō | |
| Perfect | — | |
| Aorist | — | |
| Past participle | *woɣʷetos | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *woɣʷeō | *woɣʷeōr |
| 2nd sing. | *woɣʷēs | *woɣʷēzo |
| 3rd sing. | *woɣʷēt | *woɣʷētor |
| 1st plur. | *woɣʷēmos | *woɣʷēmor |
| 2nd plur. | *woɣʷētes | *woɣʷēm(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *woɣʷeont | *woɣʷeontor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *woɣʷeām | *woɣʷeār |
| 2nd sing. | *woɣʷeās | *woɣʷeāzo |
| 3rd sing. | *woɣʷeād | *woɣʷeātor |
| 1st plur. | *woɣʷeāmos | *woɣʷeāmor |
| 2nd plur. | *woɣʷeātes | *woɣʷeām(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *woɣʷeānd | *woɣʷeāntor |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Aorist indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *woɣʷē | *woɣʷēzo |
| 2nd plur. | *woɣʷēte | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *woɣʷētōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *woɣʷēnts | *woɣʷetos | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *woɣʷetum | *woɣʷēzi | |
Descendants
- Latino-Faliscan:
- Latin: voveō
- Faliscan: vootum (participle perfect)
- Osco-Umbrian:
- Oscan: vurtum (participle perfect)
- Umbrian: 𐌅𐌖𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌄𐌔 (vufetes) (participle perfect dat./abl. plural)
- Venetic: votsom (participle perfect)
References
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 691