Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔil-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*ʔil- m

  1. deity, god

Inflection

Declension of *ʔil-
case singular dual plural
nominative *ʔilum *ʔilāna plural stem + *-ūna
accusative *ʔilam *ʔilayna plural stem + *-īna
genitive *ʔilim
possessive forms
1st person *ʔilī / *ʔilVya — *ʔilVni
2nd person m *ʔilVka *ʔilVkumā / *ʔilVkumay *ʔilVkum(ū)
2nd person f *ʔilVki *ʔilVkin(ā)
3rd person m *ʔilVšu *ʔilVšumā / *ʔilVšumay *ʔilVšum(ū)
3rd person f *ʔilVša *ʔilVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔiluya for nom. case, *ʔiliya for gen. case, *ʔilaya for acc. case, etc.

Coordinate terms

  • *ʔilāhat-

Descendants

  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒀭 (ilum)
  • West Semitic:

Extended form *ʔilāh-:

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