Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḫalap-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Verb

*ḫalap-

  1. to go beyond, to transgress

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ḫalap- (paʕala)
verbal noun *ḫalp-
active participle *ḫālip-
passive participle *ḫalīp-, *ḫalūp-
singular dual plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
perfect m *ḫalapku *ḫalapka *ḫalapa *ḫalapkayā *ḫalapkā *ḫalapā *ḫalapna *ḫalapkanu *ḫalapū
f *ḫalapki *ḫalapat *ḫalapatā *ḫalapkina *ḫalapā
imperfect m *ʔaḫlup *taḫlup *yiḫlup *taḫlupā *yaḫlupā *niḫlup *taḫlupū *yiḫlupū
f *taḫlupī *taḫlup *taḫlupā *taḫlupā *yiḫlupā
imperative m *ḫalup *ḫalupā *ḫalupū
f *ḫalupī *ḫalupā

Descendants

  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒁽 (ḫalāpum, “to slip through”)
  • West Semitic
    • Central Semitic:
      • Arabic: خَلَفَ (ḵalafa, “to succeed, to substitute, to lag behind”)
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Aramaic: חְלַף (ḥəlap̄, “to change, to alter”)
        • Classical Syriac: ܚܠܰܦ (ḥlap̄, “to exchange, to substitute”)
      • Canaanite:
        • Hebrew: חָלַף (khaláf, ḥālap̄, “to pass by”)
    • Ethiopian Semitic:
      • Ge'ez: ኀለፈ (ḫäläfä, “to pass by, to pass over, to go beyond, to transgress”)
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