Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/tiʔin-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Alternative reconstructions

  • *taʔin-

Noun

*tiʔin- m or f

  1. fig

Inflection

Declension of *tiʔin-
case singular dual plural
nominative *tiʔinum *tiʔināna plural stem + *-ūna
accusative *tiʔinam *tiʔinayna plural stem + *-īna
genitive *tiʔinim
possessive forms
1st person *tiʔinī / *tiʔinVya — *tiʔinVni
2nd person m *tiʔinVka *tiʔinVkumā / *tiʔinVkumay *tiʔinVkum(ū)
2nd person f *tiʔinVki *tiʔinVkin(ā)
3rd person m *tiʔinVšu *tiʔinVšumā / *tiʔinVšumay *tiʔinVšum(ū)
3rd person f *tiʔinVša *tiʔinVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *tiʔinuya for nom. case, *tiʔiniya for gen. case, *tiʔinaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒄑𒈠 (tittum)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Aramaic:
          Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: תְּאֵנְתָּא (təʾēntā), תֵּינְתָּא (tēntā)
          Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: תינה (tēnā), determinate state תינתה (tēntā)
          Christian Palestinian Aramaic: ܬܝܢܐ (tēnā)
        • Canaanite:
          • Ammonite: 𐤕𐤀𐤍 (tʾn)
          • Hebrew: תְּאֵנָה (t'ená, təʾēnâ)
          • Phoenician: *𐤕𐤀𐤍 (*tʾn) or *𐤕𐤉𐤍 (*tyn)
        • the fig-tree is not attested in Ugaritic[1]

References

  • van Putten, Marijn (2017) “The illusory Yemenite connection of Andalusi Arabic”, in Zeitschrift für Arabische Linguistik‎[2], volume 66, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →DOI, page 26
  • Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 204
  1. ^ Watson, Wilfred G. E. (2004) “A Botanical Snapshot of Ugaritic”, in Aula Orientalis‎[1], volume 22, number 1, Barcelona, page 119
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