Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ľuby

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljáubūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *léwbʰuh₂, from *lewbʰ- (“to love, care, desire”).

Noun

*ľubỳ f^[1]^[2]

love
Synonym: *ľubь

Declension

Declension of *ľubỳ (hard v-stem, accent paradigm b)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ľubỳ	*ľubъ̀vi	*ľubъ̀vi
genitive	*ľubъ̀ve	*ľubъ̀vu	*ľubъ̀vъ
dative	*ľubъ̀vi	ľubъ̀vьma, ľubъ̀vama^*	ľubъ̀vьmъ, ľubъ̀vamъ^*
accusative	*ľubъ̀vь	*ľubъ̀vi	*ľubъ̀vi
instrumental	ľubъ̀vьjǫ, ľubъ̀vľǭ^**	ľubъ̀vьma, ľubъ̀vama^*	ľubъ̀vьmī, ľubъ̀vamī^*
locative	*ľubъ̀ve	*ľubъ̀vu	ľubъ̀vьxъ, ľubъ̀vaxъ^*
vocative	*ľubỳ	*ľubъ̀vi	*ľubъ̀vi

^* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

*ľubiti (“to love”)
*ľubь (“love”)
*ľubъ (“sweet, pleasant”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: любꙑ (ljuby)
  - Old Ruthenian: любы (ljuby)
  - ⇒ Old East Slavic: любо́вь (ljubóvĭ)
    - Old Ruthenian: любо́въ (ljubóv), лубо́въ (lubóv), лѫбо́въ (lubóv), lubów, любоⷡ (ljuboͮ)
      - Belarusian: любо́ў (ljubóŭ)
      - Carpathian Rusyn: любо́в (ljubóv)
      - Ukrainian: любо́в (ljubóv)
      - → Pannonian Rusyn: любов (ljubov)
    - Russian: любо́вь (ljubóvʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: любꙑ (ljuby)
- Bulgarian: любов (ljubov)
- Macedonian: љубов (ljubov)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: љу́бав
  
  Latin script: ljúbav
  - Chakavian (Novi): ļūbȁv
  - Chakavian (Orbanići): ljubãf
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): ļūbå̃v
- Slovene: ljubȃv (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Polabian: ľaibėv

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ļuby”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 281: “f. ū ‘love’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “ljuby ljubъve”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (N. a) kærlighed (SA 187; 134)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ļuby”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 281: “f. ū ‘love’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “ljuby ljubъve”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (N. a) kærlighed (SA 187; 134)”

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