Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/šišьka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Diminutive of *šiša +‎ *-ьka (attested in colloquial Polish szysza). Further origin unclear:

Snoj: Cognate with Lithuanian šiksnà (“thong”), šykštùs (“scarce”), Latvian siksna (“thong”), from possible Proto-Balto-Slavic *śīks- (“sharp”). Related to Serbo-Croatian ши́шати (“to shear”), dialectal Bulgarian ши́шкам (šíškam, “to prod, to pierce”), perhaps Russian шиша́ть (šišátʹ, “to linger”).
Н.В. Горяев (СЭСРЯ): Of Turkic origin from the root of Proto-Turkic *sīĺ (“skewer”), *sīĺč- (“to swell”) (in reference to the Russian descendant).
Meljničuk: Possibly derived via reduplication from Proto-Indo-European *ksey- (“to prod”), from *kes- (“to mow”). From the same root, but via another extension, is Proto-Slavic *xvoja (“conifer”). Snoj also mentions possible relation to Proto-Slavic *šiti (“to sew”), *šidlo (“awl”).

Noun

*šišьka f^[1]

cone (fruit of conifer)

Inflection

Declension of *šišьka (hard a-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*šišьka	*šišьcě	*šišьky
genitive	*šišьky	*šišьku	*šišьkъ
dative	*šišьcě	*šišьkama	*šišьkamъ
accusative	*šišьkǫ	*šišьcě	*šišьky
instrumental	šišьkojǫ, šišьkǫ^**	*šišьkama	*šišьkami
locative	*šišьcě	*šišьku	šišьkasъ, šišьkaxъ^*
vocative	*šišьko	*šišьcě	*šišьky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ши́шька (šíšĭka)
  - Old Ruthenian: ши́шка (šíška), шы́шка (šýška)
    - Belarusian: шы́шка (šýška)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: ши́шка (šýška)
    - Ukrainian: ши́шка (šýška)
  - Russian: ши́шка (šíška)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  - Serbian Church Slavonic: шишька (šišĭka)
- ⇒ Bulgarian: шишарка (šišarka)
- Macedonian: ши́шка (šíška)
  - ⇒ Macedonian: ши́шарка (šíšarka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: шишка
  
  Latin script: šiška
- Slovene: šȋškа (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: šiška
- Polish: szyszka
- Slovak: šiška
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: šуškа
  - Upper Sorbian: šiškа

References

^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “šiška”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *ši̋šьka, ... od manjšalnica od *šiša”