Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/basъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bā́ˀsas, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂-s-os, from *bʰeh₂- (to shine). Cognate with Sanskrit भासस् (bhā́sas, brightness, light, lustre), भासति (bhā́sati, shines), भास् (bhā́s, light, brilliance), Ancient Greek φάος (pháos, light).

Aleksandr Gerd suggests origin from pre-Slavic substratum of northeastern Europe.[1]

Adjective

*bàsъ

  1. (possibly, originally) bright, shining
  2. (possibly) beautiful, pretty, decorated, splendid

Declension

Indefinite declension of *basъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bàsъ *bàsa *bàso
genitive *bàsa *bàsy *bàsa
dative *bàsu *bàsě *bàsu
accusative *bàsъ *bàsǫ *bàso
instrumental *bàsomь *bàsojǫ *bàsomь
locative *bàsě *bàsě *bàsě
vocative *bàse *bàso *bàso
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bàsa *bàsě *bàsě
genitive *bàsu *bàsu *bàsu
dative *bàsoma *bàsama *bàsoma
accusative *bàsa *bàsě *bàsě
instrumental *bàsoma *bàsama *bàsoma
locative *bàsu *bàsu *bàsu
vocative *bàsa *bàsě *bàsě
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bàsi *bàsy *bàsa
genitive *bàsъ *bàsъ *bàsъ
dative *bàsomъ *bàsamъ *bàsomъ
accusative *bàsy *bàsy *bàsa
instrumental *bàsy *bàsami *bàsy
locative *bàsěxъ *bàsaxъ *bàsěxъ
vocative *bàsi *bàsy *bàsa
Definite declension of *basъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bàsъjь *bàsaja *bàsoje
genitive *bàsajego *bàsyję̇ *bàsajego
dative *bàsujemu *bàsěji *bàsujemu
accusative *bàsъjь *bàsǫjǫ *bàsoje
instrumental *bàsyjimь *bàsǫjǫ *bàsyjimь
locative *bàsějemь *bàsěji *bàsějemь
vocative *bàsъjь *bàsaja *bàsoje
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bàsaja *bàsěji *bàsěji
genitive *bàsuju *bàsuju *bàsuju
dative *bàsyjima *bàsyjima *bàsyjima
accusative *bàsaja *bàsěji *bàsěji
instrumental *bàsyjima *bàsyjima *bàsyjima
locative *bàsuju *bàsuju *bàsuju
vocative *bàsaja *bàsěji *bàsěji
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bàsiji *bàsyję̇ *bàsaja
genitive *bàsъjixъ *bàsъjixъ *bàsъjixъ
dative *bàsyjimъ *bàsyjimъ *bàsyjimъ
accusative *bàsyję̇ *bàsyję̇ *bàsaja
instrumental *bàsyjimi *bàsyjimi *bàsyjimi
locative *bàsyjixъ *bàsyjixъ *bàsyjixъ
vocative *bàsiji *bàsyję̇ *bàsaja

Derived terms

Possibly:

  • *basiti (to dress smartly, show beauty) < *bas- + *-iti
    • East Slavic:
      • Russian: баси́ть (basítʹ, dress up; flaunt) (Northern dialects)[2]
        • Russian: баси́ла (basíla), баси́ло (basílo, dandy, fop, beau; hooligan) (Northeastern dialects)
          • ? Belarusian: басíла (basíla, idler, loafer, lazybones) (dialectal)
  • *basovati (to stand out, to act out, to frolic) < *bas- + *-ovati
    • East Slavic:
      • Belarusian: ба́соваць (básovacʹ, be naughty, fool around)[3]
      • Russian: басова́ть (basovátʹ, to invigorate, show impatience, zeal (about a horse)) (regional (Voronezh, Rostov)))[4][3]
      • Ukrainian: басува́ти (basuváty, on one's hind legs, jump, fool around (of a horse))[3]

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: бас (bas), бась (basʹ), баса́ (basá, beauty, decoration)[5] (Northern dialects)
    • Komi-Zyrian: бас (bas), баса (basa, decoration)[6]
      • Komi-Zyrian: баситны (baśitny, to decorate), ба́ситӧм (báśitöm, decorated); ба́сӧк (básök, beautiful; pretty) (dialectal)
      • Komi-Permyak: баситны (baśitny, to decorate), ба́ситӧм (báśitöm, decorated), ба́сӧк (básök, beautiful; pretty), ба́сӧка (básöka, beautifully)

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бас”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Anikin, A. E. (2008) “бас V”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 2 (ба – бдынъ), Moscow: Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 241
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*basъkъjь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 162
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*nabasъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 202
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*nebasъ, *nebasъkъjь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 98

References

  1. ^ Gerd, A. S., editor (1995), Севернорусские говоры [Northern Russian dialects] (in Russian), number 6, Saint Petersburg: St. Petersburg University Publishing House, pages 89–90
  2. ^ Anikin, A. E. (2008) “баси́ть IV”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 2 (ба – бдынъ), Moscow: Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 247
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “басува́ти”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 149
  4. ^ Anikin, A. E. (2008) “басовáть”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 2 (ба – бдынъ), Moscow: Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 253
  5. ^ Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “баса”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
  6. ^ Lytkin, V. I., Gulyaev, E. S., editors (1970), “бас”, in Краткий этимологический словарь коми языка [Brief Etymological Dictionary of the Komi Language]‎[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 37