Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/berza

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bérˀźas, *bérˀźāˀ from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵós.[1]

    Noun

    *bèrza f[1][2][3][4]

    1. birch

    Usage notes

    • The term refers specially to birch species with white bark, like Betula pubescens. Other kinds of birch were known as *olьxa (“alder”) (also encountered as *elьxa in some descendants) because of their brownish bark.

    Inflection

    Declension of *bèrza (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *bèrza *bèrzě *bèrzy
    genitive *bèrzy *bèrzu *bèrzъ
    dative *bèrzě *bèrzama *bèrzamъ
    accusative *bèrzǫ *bèrzě *bèrzy
    instrumental *bèrzojǫ, *bèrzǭ** *bèrzama *bèrzamī
    locative *bèrzě *bèrzu *bèrzasъ, *bèrzaxъ*
    vocative *bèrzo *bèrzě *bèrzy

    * -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
    ** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Derived terms

    • *bersta
    • *berstěnъ
    • *berstъ
      • *berstika
      • *berstikъ
      • *berstina
      • *berstь
      • *berstьje
      • *berstovъ

    Descendants

    Further reading

    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*berza”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 201
    • Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 65ff
    • “beržas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bèrza”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 38: “f. ā (a) ‘birch’”
    2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “berza -y”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 155, 177; PR 132; RPT 107, 111)”
    3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “brẹ́za”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*be̋rza”
    4. ^ Kapović, Mate (2007) “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎[2], University of Vienna, page 5: “*be̋rza”
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