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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *bridъ (“sharp edge”) + *-ъkъ, a d-derivative of *briti (“to shave”).
Adjective
*brìdъkъ or *brȋdъkъ[1][2]
- sharp, acute
- Synonym: *ostrъ
- acrid, pungent, tart (for taste)
- biting, piercing (for wind)
- (figurative) ugly, disgusting
Declension
Indefinite declension of *bridъkъ (hard)
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*bridъkъ
|
*bridъka
|
*bridъko
|
| genitive
|
*bridъka
|
*bridъky
|
*bridъka
|
| dative
|
*bridъku
|
*bridъkě
|
*bridъku
|
| accusative
|
*bridъkъ
|
*bridъkǫ
|
*bridъko
|
| instrumental
|
*bridъkomь
|
*bridъkojǫ
|
*bridъkomь
|
| locative
|
*bridъkě
|
*bridъkě
|
*bridъkě
|
| vocative
|
*bridъke
|
*bridъko
|
*bridъko
|
| dual
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*bridъka
|
*bridъkě
|
*bridъkě
|
| genitive
|
*bridъku
|
*bridъku
|
*bridъku
|
| dative
|
*bridъkoma
|
*bridъkama
|
*bridъkoma
|
| accusative
|
*bridъka
|
*bridъkě
|
*bridъkě
|
| instrumental
|
*bridъkoma
|
*bridъkama
|
*bridъkoma
|
| locative
|
*bridъku
|
*bridъku
|
*bridъku
|
| vocative
|
*bridъka
|
*bridъkě
|
*bridъkě
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*bridъki
|
*bridъky
|
*bridъka
|
| genitive
|
*bridъkъ
|
*bridъkъ
|
*bridъkъ
|
| dative
|
*bridъkomъ
|
*bridъkamъ
|
*bridъkomъ
|
| accusative
|
*bridъky
|
*bridъky
|
*bridъka
|
| instrumental
|
*bridъky
|
*bridъkami
|
*bridъky
|
| locative
|
*bridъkěxъ
|
*bridъkaxъ
|
*bridъkěxъ
|
| vocative
|
*bridъki
|
*bridъky
|
*bridъka
|
Definite declension of *bridъkъ (hard)
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*bridъkъjь
|
*bridъkaja
|
*bridъkoje
|
| genitive
|
*bridъkajego
|
*bridъkyję̇
|
*bridъkajego
|
| dative
|
*bridъkujemu
|
*bridъkěji
|
*bridъkujemu
|
| accusative
|
*bridъkъjь
|
*bridъkǫjǫ
|
*bridъkoje
|
| instrumental
|
*bridъkyjimь
|
*bridъkǫjǫ
|
*bridъkyjimь
|
| locative
|
*bridъkějemь
|
*bridъkěji
|
*bridъkějemь
|
| vocative
|
*bridъkъjь
|
*bridъkaja
|
*bridъkoje
|
| dual
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*bridъkaja
|
*bridъkěji
|
*bridъkěji
|
| genitive
|
*bridъkuju
|
*bridъkuju
|
*bridъkuju
|
| dative
|
*bridъkyjima
|
*bridъkyjima
|
*bridъkyjima
|
| accusative
|
*bridъkaja
|
*bridъkěji
|
*bridъkěji
|
| instrumental
|
*bridъkyjima
|
*bridъkyjima
|
*bridъkyjima
|
| locative
|
*bridъkuju
|
*bridъkuju
|
*bridъkuju
|
| vocative
|
*bridъkaja
|
*bridъkěji
|
*bridъkěji
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*bridъkiji
|
*bridъkyję̇
|
*bridъkaja
|
| genitive
|
*bridъkъjixъ
|
*bridъkъjixъ
|
*bridъkъjixъ
|
| dative
|
*bridъkyjimъ
|
*bridъkyjimъ
|
*bridъkyjimъ
|
| accusative
|
*bridъkyję̇
|
*bridъkyję̇
|
*bridъkaja
|
| instrumental
|
*bridъkyjimi
|
*bridъkyjimi
|
*bridъkyjimi
|
| locative
|
*bridъkyjixъ
|
*bridъkyjixъ
|
*bridъkyjixъ
|
| vocative
|
*bridъkiji
|
*bridъkyję̇
|
*bridъkaja
|
Derived terms
- *bridъkostь (“sharpness”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: бры́дкі (brýdki)
- Russian: бри́дкий (brídkij) (Pskov), бридко́й (bridkój) (Pskov), бри́ткий (brítkij) (Archangel'sk), бритко́й (britkój) (South, West)
- Ukrainian: бридки́й (brydkýj)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: бридъкъ (bridŭkŭ)
- Glagolitic script: ⰱⱃⰹⰴⱏⰽⱏ (bridŭkŭ)
- Bulgarian: бри́дък (brídǎk) (rare)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: бри̏дак
- Latin script: brȉdak
- Slovene: brídək (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: břidký
- Old Polish: brzydki
- Slovak: britký, bridký
- Polabian:
- Pomeranian:
- Sorbian:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бридко́й”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bridъkъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 28
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bridъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 62: “adj. o ‘sharp’”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “bridek”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *bri̋dъkъ (ali *brȋdъkъ)”