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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *capъ + *-ati.
Verb
*capati impf[1]
- (transitive) to catch, nab something quickly
- (intransitive) to wade, walk on water, mud with noise
Inflection
Conjugation of
*capati, *capa, *capľetь (
impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *capanьje
|
*capati
|
*capatъ
|
*capalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*capanъ
|
*capľemъ
|
| Active
|
*capavъ
|
*capľę
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*capaxъ |
*capa |
*capa
|
*capľǫ |
*capľeši |
*capľetь
|
| Dual
|
*capaxově |
*capasta |
*capaste
|
*capľevě |
*capľeta |
*capľete
|
| Plural
|
*capaxomъ |
*capaste |
*capašę
|
*capľemъ |
*capľete |
*capľǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*capaaxъ |
*capaaše |
*capaaše
|
— |
*capľi |
*capľi
|
| Dual
|
*capaaxově |
*capaašeta |
*capaašete
|
*capľivě |
*capľita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*capaaxomъ |
*capaašete |
*capaaxǫ
|
*capľimъ |
*capľite |
—
|
Later generalized among some daughter branches as:
Conjugation of
*capati, *capa, *capajetь (
impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *capanьje
|
*capati
|
*capatъ
|
*capalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*capanъ
|
*capajemъ
|
| Active
|
*capavъ
|
*capaję
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*capaxъ |
*capa |
*capa
|
*capajǫ |
*capaješi |
*capajetь
|
| Dual
|
*capaxově |
*capasta |
*capaste
|
*capajevě |
*capajeta |
*capajete
|
| Plural
|
*capaxomъ |
*capaste |
*capašę
|
*capajemъ |
*capajete |
*capajǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*capaaxъ |
*capaaše |
*capaaše
|
— |
*capaji |
*capaji
|
| Dual
|
*capaaxově |
*capaašeta |
*capaašete
|
*capajivě |
*capajita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*capaaxomъ |
*capaašete |
*capaaxǫ
|
*capajimъ |
*capajite |
—
|
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: цапати (capati)
- Belarusian: ца́паць (cápacʹ)
- Russian: ца́пать (cápatʹ)
- Ukrainian: ца́пати (cápaty)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: capati, cápati
- Polish: capać (obsolete)
- Slovak: cápať
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: capaś
- Upper Sorbian: capać
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*capati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 171
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ца́пать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*capati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 73: “v. ‘tramp’”