Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrčati
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Onomatopoeic verb, formed as *dьrkati (“to growl, to tug, to pluck”) + *-ěti. Equivalent to *dьrati (“to tear”) + *-čati, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to tear, to split”).
The different accent (short rising tone on the root in some dialects and long rising on the ending in others) as well as the difference in meaning may indicate that there are two distinct lemmas behind *dьrčati.
Verb
*dьrčàti impf[1]
Conjugation
Conjugation of *dьrčati, *dьrča, *dьrčajetь (impf., -ě-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *dьrčanьje | *dьrčati | *dьrčatъ | *dьrčalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *dьrčanъ | *dьrčajemъ |
| Active | *dьrčavъ | *dьrčaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dьrčaxъ | *dьrča | *dьrča | *dьrčajǫ | *dьrčaješi | *dьrčajetь |
| Dual | *dьrčaxově | *dьrčasta | *dьrčaste | *dьrčajevě | *dьrčajeta | *dьrčajete |
| Plural | *dьrčaxomъ | *dьrčaste | *dьrčašę | *dьrčajemъ | *dьrčajete | *dьrčajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dьrčaaxъ | *dьrčaaše | *dьrčaaše | — | *dьrčaji | *dьrčaji |
| Dual | *dьrčaaxově | *dьrčaašeta | *dьrčaašete | *dьrčajivě | *dьrčajita | — |
| Plural | *dьrčaaxomъ | *dьrčaašete | *dьrčaaxǫ | *dьrčajimъ | *dьrčajite | — |
Related terms
- *dьrnъkati, *dьrnъčati (“to tang, to rattle, to clatter”)
- *dьrdoriti (“to babble”)
- *dorčiti (“to scuffle, to argue”)
- *dričati, *dricati (“to rink, to skid”) (possibly)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Ukrainian: дерча́ти (derčáty)
- South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: др̀чати, др́чати
- Latin script: dr̀čati, dŕčati
- Slovene: drčáti (“to slip”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: drčeti
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьrčati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 220
References
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “drčáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*dьrčati”