Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/družьba

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dráugībāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-. Morphologically from *drugъ + *-ьba. Cognate with Latvian draudzība (“friendship”) (with g > dz via palatalization), Lithuanian draugybė (“friendship”).

Noun

*družьba f

  1. friendship

Declension

Declension of *družьba (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *družьba *družьbě *družьby
genitive *družьby *družьbu *družьbъ
dative *družьbě *družьbama *družьbamъ
accusative *družьbǫ *družьbě *družьby
instrumental *družьbojǫ, *družьbǫ** *družьbama *družьbami
locative *družьbě *družьbu *družьbasъ, *družьbaxъ*
vocative *družьbo *družьbě *družьby

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

Further reading

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*družьba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 135
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