|
|
This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
|
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From an earlier *dyxěti, formed as *dyxъ (“whiff”) + *-ěti. Cognate with Lithuanian dūsė́ti (“to gasp”) and akin to Lithuanian dusė́ti (“to cough”), Latvian dusêt (“to gasp, to breathe”).
Verb
*dyšàti impf[1][2]
- to breathe
Inflection
Conjugation of
*dyšati, *dyša, *dyšitь (
impf., -ě/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *dyšanьje
|
*dyšati
|
*dyšatъ
|
*dyšalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*dyšanъ
|
*dyšimъ
|
| Active
|
*dyšavъ
|
*dyšę
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*dyšaxъ |
*dyša |
*dyša
|
*dyšǫ |
*dyšiši |
*dyšitь
|
| Dual
|
*dyšaxově |
*dyšasta |
*dyšaste
|
*dyšivě |
*dyšita |
*dyšite
|
| Plural
|
*dyšaxomъ |
*dyšaste |
*dyšašę
|
*dyšimъ |
*dyšite |
*dyšętь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*dyšaaxъ |
*dyšaaše |
*dyšaaše
|
— |
*dyši |
*dyši
|
| Dual
|
*dyšaaxově |
*dyšaašeta |
*dyšaašete
|
*dyšivě |
*dyšita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*dyšaaxomъ |
*dyšaašete |
*dyšaaxǫ
|
*dyšimъ |
*dyšite |
—
|
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Latin script: dȉšati, dȉšiti
- Slovene: dišáti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дышать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dyšati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 205
Etymology 2
Secondary iterative form of the intensive *dyxati + *-jati. Akin to Lithuanian dūsúoti (“to breathe heavily”).
Verb
*dyšati impf
- to breathe
Inflection
Conjugation of
*dyšati, *dyša, *dyšajetь (
impf., -ě-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *dyšanьje
|
*dyšati
|
*dyšatъ
|
*dyšalъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*dyšanъ
|
*dyšajemъ
|
| Active
|
*dyšavъ
|
*dyšaję
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*dyšaxъ |
*dyša |
*dyša
|
*dyšajǫ |
*dyšaješi |
*dyšajetь
|
| Dual
|
*dyšaxově |
*dyšasta |
*dyšaste
|
*dyšajevě |
*dyšajeta |
*dyšajete
|
| Plural
|
*dyšaxomъ |
*dyšaste |
*dyšašę
|
*dyšajemъ |
*dyšajete |
*dyšajǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*dyšaaxъ |
*dyšaaše |
*dyšaaše
|
— |
*dyšaji |
*dyšaji
|
| Dual
|
*dyšaaxově |
*dyšaašeta |
*dyšaašete
|
*dyšajivě |
*dyšajita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*dyšaaxomъ |
*dyšaašete |
*dyšaaxǫ
|
*dyšajimъ |
*dyšajite |
—
|
Descendants
Further reading
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дишам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 398
References
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “dyšati: dyšjǫ dyšitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c ånde (PR 139)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “dišáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*dyša̋ti”