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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Causative of the root found in *gręzti (“to sink”). Compare also Lithuanian gramzdė́ti (“to sink”), gramzdýti (“to immerse”), gramzdi̇̀nti (“to immerse, to drown”).
Verb
*grǫziti impf[1][2]
- to sink
Inflection
Conjugation of
*grǫziti, *grǫzi, *grǫzitь (
impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
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Infinitive
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Supine
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L-participle
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| *grǫženьje
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*grǫziti
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*grǫzitъ
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*grǫzilъ
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|
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Participles
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| Tense
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Past
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Present
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| Passive
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*grǫženъ
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*grǫzimъ
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| Active
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*grǫžь
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*grǫzę
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|
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Aorist
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Present
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| Person
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1st
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2nd
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3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
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3rd
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| Singular
|
*grǫzixъ |
*grǫzi |
*grǫzi
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*grǫžǫ |
*grǫziši |
*grǫzitь
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| Dual
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*grǫzixově |
*grǫzista |
*grǫziste
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*grǫzivě |
*grǫzita |
*grǫzite
|
| Plural
|
*grǫzixomъ |
*grǫziste |
*grǫzišę
|
*grǫzimъ |
*grǫzite |
*grǫzętь
|
|
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Imperfect
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Imperative
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| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
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| Singular
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*grǫžaaxъ |
*grǫžaaše |
*grǫžaaše
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— |
*grǫzi |
*grǫzi
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| Dual
|
*grǫžaaxově |
*grǫžaašeta |
*grǫžaašete
|
*grǫzivě |
*grǫzita |
—
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| Plural
|
*grǫžaaxomъ |
*grǫžaašete |
*grǫžaaxǫ
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*grǫzimъ |
*grǫzite |
—
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Notes: - (*)*grǫzivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: грузі́ць (hruzícʹ)
- Middle Russian: грꙋзити (gruziti) (13th century?)
- Ukrainian: грузи́ти (hruzýty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: (погрѫзити (pogrǫziti))
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: гру̏зити, гру̏жити
- Latin: grȕziti, grȕžiti
- Slovene: grozīti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: hroužit
- Polish: grążyć (obsolete)
- Slovak: hrúžiť
- Slovincian: grõzëc, grą̃zĕc
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “груз”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 222
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grǫziti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 150
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “груз”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*grǫziti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 193: “v. ‘sink’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “grǫziti: grǫzjǫ grǫzitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 259); c (PR 139) fragte, laste”