Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьstina

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *jistъ +‎ *-ina.

Noun

*jьstina f

truth

Declension

Declension of *jьstina (hard a-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*jьstina	*jьstině	*jьstiny
genitive	*jьstiny	*jьstinu	*jьstinъ
dative	*jьstině	*jьstinama	*jьstinamъ
accusative	*jьstinǫ	*jьstině	*jьstiny
instrumental	jьstinojǫ, jьstinǫ^**	*jьstinama	*jьstinami
locative	*jьstině	*jьstinu	jьstinasъ, jьstinaxъ^*
vocative	*jьstino	*jьstině	*jьstiny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: истина (istina)
  - → Russian: и́стина (ístina)
  - → Ukrainian: і́стина (ístyna)
- Bulgarian: и́стина (ístina)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: и̏стина
  
  Latin script: ȉstina
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: jistina
- >? Old Polish: hiścina, iścina

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “истина”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress