Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьz

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź, *iś, from Proto-Indo-European *eḱs, *eǵʰs, *h₁eǵʰs (“out of”). Cognates with Lithuanian iš (dialectally iž), Latvian iz, Old Prussian is.[2]

    Preposition

    *jьz[2][3]

    1. (+ genitive) from, out of
      Synonyms: *otъ, *vy(d)
      Antonyms: *vъ(n), *kъ(n)

    Usage notes

    Also used as a prefix *jьz- alongside *vy-.

    Derived terms

    • *jьz zadъ (“out of the back”)
    • *jьz perdъ (“out of the front”)
    • *jьz podъ (“out of the bottom”)
    • *jьz nadъ (“out of the top”)
    • *jьz otъ (“out of”)
    • *e (“emphatic particle”)
      • *ejь (“this (emphatic)”)
      • *ě (“let”) (old instrumental)
      • *i (“and”) (locative)
      • *ju (“besides”) (dative)
      • *ovъ (“this (demonstative)”)
    • *vъz, *uz (“by, up, atop of”)

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: из (iz), изъ (izŭ)
      • Old Novgorodian: иꙁ (iz), иꙁъ (izŭ)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic: из (iz), изъ (izŭ)
        • Bulgarian: из (iz)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: из
        Latin script: iz
      • Slovene: iz (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:
      • Old Czech: z, ze
        • Czech: z
      • Old Polish: z, s, se, ze
        • Polish: z (“from”)
        • Silesian: z (“from”)
      • Pannonian Rusyn: з (z), зо (zo), зоз (zoz)
      • Slovak: z, zo
      • Pomeranian:
      • Sorbian:
        • Upper Sorbian: z, ze
        • Lower Sorbian: z, ze

    References

    1. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “iz”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “(prep. and prefix) (PR 146)”
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*jьz”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 217: “prep./pref. ‘from, out of ’”
    3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “iz”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *jьz”

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “из”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*jьz”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 6
    • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “из”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 15
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