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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Most likely a causative of the root found in *čèznǫti (“to disappear”).
Verb
*kazìti impf[1][2]
- to ruin
Inflection
Conjugation of
*kaziti, *kazi, *kazitь (
impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun
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Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
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| *kaženьje
|
*kaziti
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*kazitъ
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*kazilъ
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|
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Participles
|
| Tense
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Past
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Present
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| Passive
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*kaženъ
|
*kazimъ
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| Active
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*kažь
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*kazę
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|
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Aorist
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Present
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| Person
|
1st
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2nd
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3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*kazixъ |
*kazi |
*kazi
|
*kažǫ |
*kaziši |
*kazitь
|
| Dual
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*kazixově |
*kazista |
*kaziste
|
*kazivě |
*kazita |
*kazite
|
| Plural
|
*kazixomъ |
*kaziste |
*kazišę
|
*kazimъ |
*kazite |
*kazętь
|
|
|
Imperfect
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Imperative
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| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
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| Singular
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*kažaaxъ |
*kažaaše |
*kažaaše
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— |
*kazi |
*kazi
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| Dual
|
*kažaaxově |
*kažaašeta |
*kažaašete
|
*kazivě |
*kazita |
—
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| Plural
|
*kažaaxomъ |
*kažaašete |
*kažaaxǫ
|
*kazimъ |
*kazite |
—
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Notes: - (*)*kazivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: казитися (kazitisja) (12th century)
- Belarusian: ка́зіць (kázicʹ)
- Russian: кази́ть (kazítʹ) (archaic or dialectal)
- Ukrainian: кази́ти (kazýty), кази́тися (kazýtysja)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: казити (kaziti)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: кази́ти (dialectal); (нака́зити)
- Latin: kazíti (dialectal); (nakáziti)
- Slovene: kazīti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: kazit
- Kashubian: kazëc
- Old Polish: kazić
- Slovak: kaziť
- Slovincian: kazëc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: kazyć
- Lower Sorbian: kazyś
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kaziti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 171
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кази́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kazìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 222: “v. ‘ruin’ (c)”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “kaziti: kazjǫ kazitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c beskadige (PR 140)”