Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klamati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *klō-m-yeti, from *(s)kel- (“to bend, to crook”). Compare similar Sanskrit क्लाम्यति (klā́myati, “to become fatigued”).

Verb

*klamàti impf^[1]^[2]

(originally; attested in South Slavic) to lurch, to reel, to stagger
1. (West and South Slavic) to lie, to deceive
  Synonym: *lъgàti

Conjugation

Conjugation of *klamati, *klama, *klamajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*klamanьje	*klamati	*klamatъ	*klamalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*klamanъ	*klamajemъ
Active	*klamavъ	*klamaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*klamaxъ	*klama	*klama	*klamajǫ	*klamaješi	*klamajetь
Dual	*klamaxově	*klamasta	*klamaste	*klamajevě	*klamajeta	*klamajete
Plural	*klamaxomъ	*klamaste	*klamašę	*klamajemъ	*klamajete	*klamajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*klamaaxъ	*klamaaše	*klamaaše	—	*klamaji	*klamaji
Dual	*klamaaxově	*klamaašeta	*klamaašete	*klamajivě	*klamajita	—
Plural	*klamaaxomъ	*klamaašete	*klamaaxǫ	*klamajimъ	*klamajite	—

Conjugation of *klamati, *klama, *klamľetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*klamanьje	*klamati	*klamatъ	*klamalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*klamanъ	*klamľemъ
Active	*klamavъ	*klamľę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*klamaxъ	*klama	*klama	*klamľǫ	*klamľeši	*klamľetь
Dual	*klamaxově	*klamasta	*klamaste	*klamľevě	*klamľeta	*klamľete
Plural	*klamaxomъ	*klamaste	*klamašę	*klamľemъ	*klamľete	*klamľǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*klamaaxъ	*klamaaše	*klamaaše	—	*klamľi	*klamľi
Dual	*klamaaxově	*klamaašeta	*klamaašete	*klamľivě	*klamľita	—
Plural	*klamaaxomъ	*klamaašete	*klamaaxǫ	*klamľimъ	*klamľite	—

Derived terms

nouns

*klamьstvo

Descendants

South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: кла̏мати, кла̀мати (dialectal)
  
  Latin script: klȁmati, klàmati (dialectal)
- Slovene: klamáti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: klamati
  - Czech: klamat, (Moravian) kľamať
- Old Polish: kłamać
  - Polish: kłamać
    - → Old Ruthenian: кламати (klamati)
      - Ukrainian: кла́мати (klámaty)
      - Carpathian Rusyn: клама́ти (klamáty)
- Old Slovak: klamať
  - Slovak: klamať
  - Pannonian Rusyn: кламац (klamac)
- Pomeranian
  - Kashubian: klamac
- Sorbian
  - ⇒ Lower Sorbian: skłamaś (obsolete)
  - Upper Sorbian: klamać

References

^ Jakubowicz, Mariola, editor (2024), “klamati”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 10 (-ka – kožuchъ), Warszawa: Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 75
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “klamati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *klama̋ti”

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*klamati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 182
Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “kłamać”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 236
Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “kłamać”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), volume 714, page 1
Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “korzyść”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volumes II: K—Kot, Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego, page 248
Jiří Rejzek (2007) “klamat”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda, page 281

Schuster-Šewc, Heinz (1981) “klamać”, in Historisch-etymologisches Wörterbuch der ober- und niedersorbischen Sprache [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Upper and Lower Sorbian Language] (in German), numbers 8 (kisončk – konaś), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, →ISBN, page 542
Králik, Ľubor (2016) “klamať”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak] (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 265

[1] Jakubowicz, Mariola, editor (2024), “klamati”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 10 (-ka – kožuchъ), Warszawa: Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 75

[2] Snoj, Marko (2016) “klamati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *klama̋ti”

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