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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *lēnas, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁-en-os, from *leh₁- (“lazy, slow”). Cognate with Latvian lēns (“lazy”), Lithuanian lė́nas (“lazy”), Latin lenis.
Adjective
*lě̑nъ[1][2]
- lazy
- slow
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *lěnъ (hard, accent paradigm c)
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lěnъ
|
*lěna
|
*lěno
|
| genitive
|
*lěna
|
*lěny
|
*lěna
|
| dative
|
*lěnu
|
*lěně
|
*lěnu
|
| accusative
|
*lěnъ
|
*lěnǫ
|
*lěno
|
| instrumental
|
*lěnomь
|
*lěnojǫ
|
*lěnomь
|
| locative
|
*lěně
|
*lěně
|
*lěně
|
| vocative
|
*lěne
|
*lěno
|
*lěno
|
| dual
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lěna
|
*lěně
|
*lěně
|
| genitive
|
*lěnu
|
*lěnu
|
*lěnu
|
| dative
|
*lěnoma
|
*lěnama
|
*lěnoma
|
| accusative
|
*lěna
|
*lěně
|
*lěně
|
| instrumental
|
*lěnoma
|
*lěnama
|
*lěnoma
|
| locative
|
*lěnu
|
*lěnu
|
*lěnu
|
| vocative
|
*lěna
|
*lěně
|
*lěně
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lěni
|
*lěny
|
*lěna
|
| genitive
|
*lěnъ
|
*lěnъ
|
*lěnъ
|
| dative
|
*lěnomъ
|
*lěnamъ
|
*lěnomъ
|
| accusative
|
*lěny
|
*lěny
|
*lěna
|
| instrumental
|
*lěny
|
*lěnami
|
*lěny
|
| locative
|
*lěněxъ
|
*lěnaxъ
|
*lěněxъ
|
| vocative
|
*lěni
|
*lěny
|
*lěna
|
Definite declension of *lěnъ (hard, accent paradigm c)
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lěnъjь
|
*lěnaja
|
*lěnoje
|
| genitive
|
*lěnajego
|
*lěnyję̇
|
*lěnajego
|
| dative
|
*lěnujemu
|
*lěněji
|
*lěnujemu
|
| accusative
|
*lěnъjь
|
*lěnǫjǫ
|
*lěnoje
|
| instrumental
|
*lěnyjimь
|
*lěnǫjǫ
|
*lěnyjimь
|
| locative
|
*lěnějemь
|
*lěněji
|
*lěnějemь
|
| vocative
|
*lěnъjь
|
*lěnaja
|
*lěnoje
|
| dual
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lěnaja
|
*lěněji
|
*lěněji
|
| genitive
|
*lěnuju
|
*lěnuju
|
*lěnuju
|
| dative
|
*lěnyjima
|
*lěnyjima
|
*lěnyjima
|
| accusative
|
*lěnaja
|
*lěněji
|
*lěněji
|
| instrumental
|
*lěnyjima
|
*lěnyjima
|
*lěnyjima
|
| locative
|
*lěnuju
|
*lěnuju
|
*lěnuju
|
| vocative
|
*lěnaja
|
*lěněji
|
*lěněji
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lěniji
|
*lěnyję̇
|
*lěnaja
|
| genitive
|
*lěnъjixъ
|
*lěnъjixъ
|
*lěnъjixъ
|
| dative
|
*lěnyjimъ
|
*lěnyjimъ
|
*lěnyjimъ
|
| accusative
|
*lěnyję̇
|
*lěnyję̇
|
*lěnaja
|
| instrumental
|
*lěnyjimi
|
*lěnyjimi
|
*lěnyjimi
|
| locative
|
*lěnyjixъ
|
*lěnyjixъ
|
*lěnyjixъ
|
| vocative
|
*lěniji
|
*lěnyję̇
|
*lěnaja
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Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: лѣнꙑи (lěnyi)
- Belarusian: ляны́ (ljaný)
- Russian: ляной (ljanoj) (dialectal), леной (lenoj) (dialectal)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: léný
- Old Polish: leny
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*lě̑nъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 273: “adj. o (c) ‘lazy, slow’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “lěnъ lěna lěno”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c doven (SA 109, 111, 114, 122, 199; PR 138)”