Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lyžьka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From an earlier *lъga (“bending”) +‎ *-ъka, reanalyzed to have a soft -ž- under the influence of *lъžica. For comparison, consider *vidlъka (“fork”) and *vidlica (“id”). The root *lъga is thought to be from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁- (“to cut off, free”) + *-ga (“nominal suffix”); see Ancient Greek λῡ́ω (lū́ō, “to loose”) for more.[1]

Noun

*lyžьka f

  1. spoon

Inflection

Declension of *lyžьka (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *lyžьka *lyžьcě *lyžьky
genitive *lyžьky *lyžьku *lyžьkъ
dative *lyžьcě *lyžьkama *lyžьkamъ
accusative *lyžьkǫ *lyžьcě *lyžьky
instrumental *lyžьkojǫ, *lyžьkǫ** *lyžьkama *lyžьkami
locative *lyžьcě *lyžьku *lyžьkasъ, *lyžьkaxъ*
vocative *lyžьko *lyžьcě *lyžьky

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: лъ́жька (lŭ́žĭka), ло́жька (lóžĭka)
  • South Slavic:
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: лижка
      Latin script: ližka
  • West Slavic:

References

  1. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lyžьka”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 17 (*lъžь – *matješьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 62

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ложка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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