Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mertva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *merti +‎ *-tva.

Noun

*mertva f

  1. dyingness, state of dying
  2. plague

Synonyms

Inflection

Declension of *mertva (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *mertva *mertvě *mertvy
genitive *mertvy *mertvu *mertvъ
dative *mertvě *mertvama *mertvamъ
accusative *mertvǫ *mertvě *mertvy
instrumental *mertvojǫ, *mertvǫ** *mertvama *mertvami
locative *mertvě *mertvu *mertvasъ, *mertvaxъ*
vocative *mertvo *mertvě *mertvy

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • West Slavic:
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: mřetwa
      • Lower Sorbian: mřetwa

References

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*mertva”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 102
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