Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/o(b)pasьnъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *o(b)pasъ (“alert, heed”) + *-ьnъ, from *o(b)pasti (“to attend, to overwatch”), from *o(b)- + *pasti (“to pasture; to herd”).
Adjective
*o(b)pasьnъ
- circumspect, vigilant, wary, attentive
- Synonyms: *motrъ, *bъditeľьnъ, *ostoržьnъ
- (abstract) dangerous, threatening (requiring attention, alertness)
- Synonym: *nevarьnъ
Declension
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *o(b)pasьnъ | *o(b)pasьna | *o(b)pasьno |
| genitive | *o(b)pasьna | *o(b)pasьny | *o(b)pasьna |
| dative | *o(b)pasьnu | *o(b)pasьně | *o(b)pasьnu |
| accusative | *o(b)pasьnъ | *o(b)pasьnǫ | *o(b)pasьno |
| instrumental | *o(b)pasьnomь | *o(b)pasьnojǫ | *o(b)pasьnomь |
| locative | *o(b)pasьně | *o(b)pasьně | *o(b)pasьně |
| vocative | *o(b)pasьne | *o(b)pasьno | *o(b)pasьno |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *o(b)pasьna | *o(b)pasьně | *o(b)pasьně |
| genitive | *o(b)pasьnu | *o(b)pasьnu | *o(b)pasьnu |
| dative | *o(b)pasьnoma | *o(b)pasьnama | *o(b)pasьnoma |
| accusative | *o(b)pasьna | *o(b)pasьně | *o(b)pasьně |
| instrumental | *o(b)pasьnoma | *o(b)pasьnama | *o(b)pasьnoma |
| locative | *o(b)pasьnu | *o(b)pasьnu | *o(b)pasьnu |
| vocative | *o(b)pasьna | *o(b)pasьně | *o(b)pasьně |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *o(b)pasьni | *o(b)pasьny | *o(b)pasьna |
| genitive | *o(b)pasьnъ | *o(b)pasьnъ | *o(b)pasьnъ |
| dative | *o(b)pasьnomъ | *o(b)pasьnamъ | *o(b)pasьnomъ |
| accusative | *o(b)pasьny | *o(b)pasьny | *o(b)pasьna |
| instrumental | *o(b)pasьny | *o(b)pasьnami | *o(b)pasьny |
| locative | *o(b)pasьněxъ | *o(b)pasьnaxъ | *o(b)pasьněxъ |
| vocative | *o(b)pasьni | *o(b)pasьny | *o(b)pasьna |
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *o(b)pasьnъjь | *o(b)pasьnaja | *o(b)pasьnoje |
| genitive | *o(b)pasьnajego | *o(b)pasьnyję̇ | *o(b)pasьnajego |
| dative | *o(b)pasьnujemu | *o(b)pasьněji | *o(b)pasьnujemu |
| accusative | *o(b)pasьnъjь | *o(b)pasьnǫjǫ | *o(b)pasьnoje |
| instrumental | *o(b)pasьnyjimь | *o(b)pasьnǫjǫ | *o(b)pasьnyjimь |
| locative | *o(b)pasьnějemь | *o(b)pasьněji | *o(b)pasьnějemь |
| vocative | *o(b)pasьnъjь | *o(b)pasьnaja | *o(b)pasьnoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *o(b)pasьnaja | *o(b)pasьněji | *o(b)pasьněji |
| genitive | *o(b)pasьnuju | *o(b)pasьnuju | *o(b)pasьnuju |
| dative | *o(b)pasьnyjima | *o(b)pasьnyjima | *o(b)pasьnyjima |
| accusative | *o(b)pasьnaja | *o(b)pasьněji | *o(b)pasьněji |
| instrumental | *o(b)pasьnyjima | *o(b)pasьnyjima | *o(b)pasьnyjima |
| locative | *o(b)pasьnuju | *o(b)pasьnuju | *o(b)pasьnuju |
| vocative | *o(b)pasьnaja | *o(b)pasьněji | *o(b)pasьněji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *o(b)pasьniji | *o(b)pasьnyję̇ | *o(b)pasьnaja |
| genitive | *o(b)pasьnъjixъ | *o(b)pasьnъjixъ | *o(b)pasьnъjixъ |
| dative | *o(b)pasьnyjimъ | *o(b)pasьnyjimъ | *o(b)pasьnyjimъ |
| accusative | *o(b)pasьnyję̇ | *o(b)pasьnyję̇ | *o(b)pasьnaja |
| instrumental | *o(b)pasьnyjimi | *o(b)pasьnyjimi | *o(b)pasьnyjimi |
| locative | *o(b)pasьnyjixъ | *o(b)pasьnyjixъ | *o(b)pasьnyjixъ |
| vocative | *o(b)pasьniji | *o(b)pasьnyję̇ | *o(b)pasьnaja |
Derived terms
- *bezo(b)pasьnъ (“safe, sacure”)
- *o(b)pasьnostь (“dangerous situation”)
Related terms
- *o(b)pasati (sę) (“to apprehend, to fear”)
- *o(b)pasivъ, *o(b)pasьlivъ (“wary, cautious”)
- *o(b)pasъka (“attention”)
- *sъpasъ (“guard, protector”)
- *sъpasiti (“to save”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (2001), “*obpasьnъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 28 (*oblězti – *obpovědanьje), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 166
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “опа́сный”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “опас²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 896