Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/oje
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ajas, from Proto-Indo-European *Hóyh₁os (“pole, tiller”) (given as *h₂éyh₁os[1] by Snoj), perhaps ultimately from *h₂ey- (“to push, to force”) or *h₃ey- (“to steer”) (classical reconstructions just give *ei-/*oi- “post, bar”). Cognate with Proto-Finnic *aisa (“pole”) (of Indo-European origin, possibly Balto-Slavic), Ancient Greek οἰήϊον (oiḗïon, “handle of rudder”), Hittite 𒄭𒅖𒊭𒀭 (ḫišša-, “carriage pole”), Sanskrit ईषा (īṣā, “plank, pole”), Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀 (aēša, “plough”). Further akin via other suffixes to Lithuanian i̇́ena (“thill”), Proto-Germanic *airō (“oar”), Ancient Greek οἴᾱξ (oíāx, “helm”).
Noun
Alterantive forms
- *ojь m, *oja f (reanalyzed as masc. or fem. nouns at later times)
Declension
Originally:
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ȍje | *ȍjesi | *ojesà |
| genitive | *ȍjese | *ojesù | *ojèsъ |
| dative | *ȍjesi | *ojesьmà | *ojèsьmъ |
| accusative | *ȍje | *ȍjesi | *ojesà |
| instrumental | *ȍjesьmь | *ojesьmà | *ojesý |
| locative | *ȍjese | *ojesù | *ojèsьxъ |
| vocative | *ȍje | *ȍjesi | *ojesà |
Reanalyzed among some descendants as:
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ȍje | *ȍji | *ojà |
| genitive | *ȍja | *ojù | *òjь |
| dative | *ȍju | *ojemà | *ojémъ |
| accusative | *ȍje | *ȍji | *ojà |
| instrumental | *ȍjьmь, *ȍjemь* | *ojemà | *ojí |
| locative | *ȍji | *ojù | *ojíxъ |
| vocative | *ȍje | *ȍji | *ojà |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *ojьce, *ojica (diminutive)
- *ojišče (augmentative)
- *ojesьnъ, *ojьnъ (referencial adjectives)
- *ojesьnica, *ojьnica (“handlebar”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- ⇒ Romanian: oiște (“shaft, beam, pole of carriage”)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “oje”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *ȍje, rod. *ȍjese”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “oje”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 152)”
Further reading
- Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*oje”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 35
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “воё”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “війя”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 397
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “оище”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 822
- “iena”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012