Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/petьlъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Germanic *fattilaz (fettle) via i-umlaut on the root vowel. Less likely, continuing Proto-Indo-European *pet- (to replicate, to span) + *-ьlъ. Most descendants reflect the extension *petьľa, equivalent to *petьlъ +‎ *-ja.

Polish and Slovene forms have been reanalyzed as *pętъľa[1] (or *pǫtъľa) as if from *pęto (fetter) +‎ *-ъlъ +‎ *-ja.

Noun

*petь̀lъ m

  1. loop, knot
    Synonyms: *ǫzlъ, *vьrzopъ, *primъka
  2. picklock
  3. (by extension) ornament, decoration
    Synonyms: *ukrasa, *оsъdoba

Alternative forms

  • *petьlь m (per Vasmer)
  • *petьľa f[2]
  • *pętъľa f (reanalyzed, in Polish and Slovene)

Declension

Declension of *petь̀lъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *petь̀lъ *petьlà *petьlì
genitive *petьlà *petьlù *petь̀lъ
dative *petьlù *petьlòma *petьlòmъ
accusative *petь̀lъ *petьlà *petьlỳ
instrumental *petьlъ̀mь, *petьlòmь* *petьlòma *petь̀ly
locative *petьlě̀ *petьlù *petь̀lěxъ
vocative *petьle *petьlà *petьlì

* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

  • *petьlati, *petьľati (to knot, to dodge, to mess around)
  • *opetьlavati (to tangle)
  • *petьlica (buttonhole)
  • *petьlъka (snare, button)
  • *petьlьnъ (twined)

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: петель (petelĭ)
    • Belarusian: петля́ (pjetljá)
    • Russian: пе́тля (pétlja), петля́ (petljá)
    • Ukrainian: петля́ (petljá)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: пете́л (petél, ornament on ritual bread) (dated), пе́тля (pétlja, bun)
      • Romanian: peteică (button)
    • Macedonian: петел (petel, picklock) (dated)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: пе̏тља
      Latin script: pȅtlja
    • Slovene: péntlja, dial. pétlja
  • West Slavic:
    • Polish: pętla (under the influence of pęto)
    • Old Czech: petlicě (diminutive)

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “петля”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “петелка”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 198
  • Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “петля”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 201

References

  1. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “péntlja”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si:*pętъľa̋
  2. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “péntlja”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si:*petľa̋