Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slьza

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

  • *slьdza

Etymology

Considered a deverbative of *slьzati (“to slip, to slide”), ultimately a form of the root Proto-Indo-European *sleydʰ- (“to slide, to lick”). As such, the semantic development has been "something that slips, slides" > "tear, (tear)drop". Related to *slizь (“slime, mucus”), compare Middle Low German slik (“slime”), German schlickern (“to slip”), Middle High German slich (“clay, silt”). Also compare Lithuanian šlusti (“to clean, to sweep”), šlakėti (“to drip”), Latvian slota (“broom”); Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjati, “discharge, emit”), Avestan 𐬯𐬭𐬀𐬯𐬐𐬀 (sraska, “tear”), Persian سرشک (serešk, “teardrop”).

For *slizь relation, compare typologically Mongolian нулимс (nulims) likely related to or influenced by нус (nus).

Noun

*slьzà f[1][2]

  1. tear (drop)

Declension

Declension of *slьzà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *slьzà *slь̏zě *slь̏zy
genitive *slьzý *slьzù *slь̀zъ
dative *slьzě̀ *slьzàma *slьzàmъ
accusative *slь̏zǫ *slь̏zě *slь̏zy
instrumental *slьzojǫ́ *slьzàma *slьzàmi
locative *slь̏zě *slьzù *slьzàsъ, *slьzàxъ*
vocative *slьzo *slь̏zě *slь̏zy

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Descendants

Further reading

  • Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 567
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “слеза́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2008), “сляза́”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 12 (свабо́да – стэ́сам), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “сльоза́”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 311
  • Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “сълза̀”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 663

References

  1. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “slьza slьzy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c tåre (PR 138)”
  2. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “sọ́lza”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*slьza̋”
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