Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/smola

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *smelāˀ, *smаlāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *smel- (: *smol-).

Baltic cognates include Latvian smeļi (“resinous logs”), Lithuanian smė̃lа, smelà (“resin”), smil̃kti (“to smoke slightly”), smilkýti (“to fume”).

Indo-European cognates include Low German smelen, Middle English smolder, Proto-West Germanic *smallijan (“to glow, burn, smoulder”), Middle Irish *smāl- : *smōl-.

Noun

*smolà f

  1. black pitch
  2. resin

Declension

Declension of *smolà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *smolà *smòlě *smolỳ
genitive *smolỳ *smolù *smòlъ
dative *smolě̀ *smolàma *smolàmъ
accusative *smolǫ̀ *smòlě *smolỳ
instrumental *smolòjǫ, *smòlǫ** *smolàma *smolàmī
locative *smolě̀ *smolù *smolàsъ, *smolàxъ*
vocative *smolo *smòlě *smolỳ

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic: смола (smola)
    • Belarusian: смала́ (smalá), смоль (smolʹ)
    • Russian: смола́ (smolá), смоль (smolʹ)
    • Ukrainian: смола́ (smolá)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
  • Other:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “смола”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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