Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stьdza

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From earlier *stьga, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *stigāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *stigʰ-eh₂, from *steygʰ- (“to walk”). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian stiga (“path”) and Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek στίχος (stíkhos), Proto-Germanic *stigaz.

Noun

*stьdzà f^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

path

Inflection

Declension of *stьdzà (soft a-stem, accent paradigm b)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*stьdzà	*stь̀dzi	*stьdzę̇̀
genitive	*stьdzę̇̀	*stьdzù	*stь̀dzь
dative	*stьdzì	*stьdzàma	*stьdzàmъ
accusative	*stьdzǫ̀	*stь̀dzi	*stьdzę̇̀
instrumental	stьdzèjǫ, stь̀dzǫ^**	*stьdzàma	*stьdzàmī
locative	*stьdzì	*stьdzù	stьdzàsъ, stьdzàxъ^*
vocative	*stьdze	*stь̀dzi	*stьdzę̇̀

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Synonyms

*stьgna (“path”)

Derived terms

*stьžьka (“small path”)

Related terms

*stignǫti (“to attain, reach, catch up with”)
*stiťi (“to attain, reach, catch up with”)
*stьgna (“path”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: стьза (stĭza), стьзꙗ (stĭzja)
  - Russian: стезя́ (stezjá), стега́ (stegá), зга́ (zgá)
  - Ukrainian: сте́жка (stéžka), стезя́ (stezjá)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: стьѕа (stĭdza), стьза (stĭza)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ста̀за
  
  Latin script: stàza
- Slovene: stəzȁ, stə̀za (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: stzě
  - Czech: stez (poetic)
- Polabian: stadźă
- Old Polish: stdza, śdza, stdza

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*stьdzà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 472: “f. jā ʻpathʼ”
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “stiga”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 551: “*stьdzà”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “stьʒa stьʒě”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b sti (PR 135)”
^ Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2014) “Drevnerusskoje udarenije. Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ”, in Languages of Slavic Culture‎^[2] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 593: “стезя́ — b... ― stezjá — b...”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*stьdzà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 472: “f. jā ʻpathʼ”

[2] Derksen, Rick (2015) “stiga”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 551: “*stьdzà”

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001) “stьʒa stьʒě”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b sti (PR 135)”

[4] Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2014) “Drevnerusskoje udarenije. Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ”, in Languages of Slavic Culture‎^[2] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 593: “стезя́ — b... ― stezjá — b...”

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