Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vojevoda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *vojь (“warrior”) +‎ *-e- +‎ *voda (“lead, conduct”).

Noun

*vojevoda m^[1]^[2]^[3]

chief, commander

Declension

Declension of *vojevoda (hard a-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vojevoda	*vojevodě	*vojevody
genitive	*vojevody	*vojevodu	*vojevodъ
dative	*vojevodě	*vojevodama	*vojevodamъ
accusative	*vojevodǫ	*vojevodě	*vojevody
instrumental	vojevodojǫ, vojevodǫ^**	*vojevodama	*vojevodami
locative	*vojevodě	*vojevodu	vojevodasъ, vojevodaxъ^*
vocative	*vojevodo	*vojevodě	*vojevody

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: воевода (vojevoda)
  - Old Ruthenian: воєвода (vojevoda)
    - Belarusian: ваяво́да (vajavóda)
    - Ukrainian: воєво́да (vojevóda)
  - Russian: воево́да (vojevóda)
- Old Novgorodian: воѥвода (vojevoda)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: воѥвода (vojevoda)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰲⱁⰻⰵⰲⱁⰴⰰ (voievoda)
- Bulgarian: войво́да (vojvóda)
- Macedonian: војвода (vojvoda)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: во̀јвода (> Војводина)
  
  Latin script: vòjvoda (> Vojvodina)
  - → English: Vojvodina
- Slovene: vọ̑jvoda (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: vévoda, vývoda, vejvoda
  - Czech: vévoda; vejvoda (archaic); vývoda (obsolete)
- Kashubian: wòjewòda
- Polabian: våjvåda
- Old Polish: wojewoda, wojwoda
  - Polish: wojewoda
  - → Old Lithuanian: vaivadà, vaivoda
    - Lithuanian: vaivada
  - Silesian: wojewoda
- Old Slovak: vojvoda
  - Slovak: vojvoda
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: wójwoda
  - Upper Sorbian: wójwoda

Non-Slavic:
- → English: voivode
- → Finnish: voivodi
- → French: voïvode
- → German: Wojewode, Woiwode
- → Hungarian: vajda
- → Latin: voivoda
- → Romanian: voievod
- → Ottoman Turkish: ویوده (voyvoda, vayvoda), ویوودا, ویووده (voyvoda, vayvoda)
  - Turkish: voyvoda, vayvoda

References

^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “wojewoda”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 706
^ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “воєвода”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “vọ̑jvoda”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si

Martynaŭ, V. U., Tsykhun, G. A., editors (1978–2017), “ваявода”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka
Václav Machek (1968) “vévoda”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia, page 687
Rejzek, Jiří (2001) “vévoda”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 1st edition, Voznice: LEDA, →ISBN, page 748
Králik, Ľubor (2016) “vojvoda”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak] (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 666

[1] Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “wojewoda”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 706

[2] Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “воєвода”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “vọ̑jvoda”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si

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