Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xmurьnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

By surface analysis, *xmura +‎ *-ьnъ.

Adjective

*xmurьnъ[1]

  1. cloudy
  2. gloomy

Inflection

Indefinite declension of *xmurьnъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *naučьnъ *naučьna *naučьno
genitive *naučьna *naučьny *naučьna
dative *naučьnu *naučьně *naučьnu
accusative *naučьnъ *naučьnǫ *naučьno
instrumental *naučьnomь *naučьnojǫ *naučьnomь
locative *naučьně *naučьně *naučьně
vocative *naučьne *naučьno *naučьno
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *naučьna *naučьně *naučьně
genitive *naučьnu *naučьnu *naučьnu
dative *naučьnoma *naučьnama *naučьnoma
accusative *naučьna *naučьně *naučьně
instrumental *naučьnoma *naučьnama *naučьnoma
locative *naučьnu *naučьnu *naučьnu
vocative *naučьna *naučьně *naučьně
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *naučьni *naučьny *naučьna
genitive *naučьnъ *naučьnъ *naučьnъ
dative *naučьnomъ *naučьnamъ *naučьnomъ
accusative *naučьny *naučьny *naučьna
instrumental *naučьny *naučьnami *naučьny
locative *naučьněxъ *naučьnaxъ *naučьněxъ
vocative *naučьni *naučьny *naučьna
Definite declension of *xmurьnъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *naučьnъjь *naučьnaja *naučьnoje
genitive *naučьnajego *naučьnyję̇ *naučьnajego
dative *naučьnujemu *naučьněji *naučьnujemu
accusative *naučьnъjь *naučьnǫjǫ *naučьnoje
instrumental *naučьnyjimь *naučьnǫjǫ *naučьnyjimь
locative *naučьnějemь *naučьněji *naučьnějemь
vocative *naučьnъjь *naučьnaja *naučьnoje
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *naučьnaja *naučьněji *naučьněji
genitive *naučьnuju *naučьnuju *naučьnuju
dative *naučьnyjima *naučьnyjima *naučьnyjima
accusative *naučьnaja *naučьněji *naučьněji
instrumental *naučьnyjima *naučьnyjima *naučьnyjima
locative *naučьnuju *naučьnuju *naučьnuju
vocative *naučьnaja *naučьněji *naučьněji
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *naučьniji *naučьnyję̇ *naučьnaja
genitive *naučьnъjixъ *naučьnъjixъ *naučьnъjixъ
dative *naučьnyjimъ *naučьnyjimъ *naučьnyjimъ
accusative *naučьnyję̇ *naučьnyję̇ *naučьnaja
instrumental *naučьnyjimi *naučьnyjimi *naučьnyjimi
locative *naučьnyjixъ *naučьnyjixъ *naučьnyjixъ
vocative *naučьniji *naučьnyję̇ *naučьnaja

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: *хмурьнъ (*xmurĭnŭ)
      • Old Ruthenian: хму́рный (xmúrnyj)
        • Belarusian: хму́рны (xmúrny)
        • Ukrainian: хму́рни́й (xmúrnýj)
      • Middle Russian: хмурный (xmurnyj)
        • Russian: хмурно́й (xmurnój) (dialectal)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: chmurný
    • Polish: chmurny
    • Old Slovak: chmúrny
      • Pannonian Rusyn: хмурни (xmurni)
      • Slovak: chmúrny
    • Pomeranian:
      • Kashubian: chmùrny
      • Slovincian: xmᵘ̯urnḯ
    • Sorbian:

References

  1. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xmurьnъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 44