Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xъrvatъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain:

  • Common theories from the 20th century derive it from an Iranian origin, the root word being a third-century Scytho-Sarmatian form allegedly attested in the Tanais Tablets as Χορούαθος (Khoroúathos), Χοροάθος (Khoroáthos) and Χορόαθος (Khoróathos), probably the name of the ruler of a city in that region, near the mouth of the river Don;[1] this has also been corroborated with names on ancient gravestones in Tanais, which gives some credence to the interpretation as a clan name.[2] A similar name for a tribe of the north Caucasus occurs in the tenth-century De Ceremoniis as Krevatās, Krevatades.[3]
  • On the other hand, modern scholars such as Matasović tend to dismiss these as coincidences with respect to the Croatian ethnonym,[4] and consider the identification of the relevant Scytho-Caucasian tribes with Slavs implausible on historical and geographic grounds; nonetheless, an ultimate Iranian origin is regarded as plausible.

See Etymology of Croatia on Wikipedia for a detailed discussion of the various hypotheses.

Noun

*xъrvatъ m[5]

  1. (Common Slavic) Croat

Declension

Possibly accent paradigm a?

Declension of *xъrvatъ (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *xъrvatъ *xъrvata *xъrvati
genitive *xъrvata *xъrvatu *xъrvatъ
dative *xъrvatu *xъrvatoma *xъrvatomъ
accusative *xъrvatъ *xъrvata *xъrvaty
instrumental *xъrvatъmь, *xъrvatomь* *xъrvatoma *xъrvaty
locative *xъrvatě *xъrvatu *xъrvatěxъ
vocative *xъrvate *xъrvata *xъrvati

* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: хърватъ (xŭrvatŭ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      • ⇒ Church Slavonic: хръватинъ (xrŭvatinŭ)
      • ⇒ Bulgarian: хърва́тин (hǎrvátin), хръва́тин (hrǎvátin)
      • Macedonian: Хрват (Hrvat)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: Хр̀ва̄т
      Latin script: Hr̀vāt
    • Slovene: hrvȁt (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

References

  1. ^ Gluhak, Alemko (1993) “Hr̀vāt”, in Hrvatski etimološki rječnik [Croatian Etymology Dictionary] (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, →ISBN
  2. ^ Škegro, Ante (2005) “Two Public Inscriptions from the Greek Colony of Tanais at the Mouth of the Don River on the Sea of Azov”, in Review of Croatian History‎[1], volume I, number 1, pages 9–28
  3. ^ Marčinko, Mato (2000) “Tragovi i podrijetlo imena Hrvat [Traces and origin of the Croatian name]”, in Naklada Jurčić, Indoiransko podrijetlo Hrvata [Indo-Iranian origin of Croats], →ISBN, page 184
  4. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2019) “Ime Hrvata [The Name of Croats]”, in Jezik, volume 66, number 3, Zagreb: Croatian Philological Society, pages 81–97
  5. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xъrvat(in)ъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 149

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хорва́т”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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