Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/anda

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Etymology

Borrowed from Mongolic, compare Kalmyk андн (andn, “friend”). The Mongolic word istelf borrowed from a Turkic source, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *ānt (“oath”), whence also Turkish ant. See also *gürkü (“friend”), native form.

Noun

*anda

friend
Synonym: *gürkü
sworn brother, bosom friend, friend from childhood

Declension

Declension of *anda

	Singular
Nominative	*anda
Accusative	*andaba
Genitive	*andaŋī
Dative	*andadua
Locative	*andalā
Ablative	*andadiki
Prolative	*andali
Elative	*andagiʒi
Instrumental	*andaʒi
Delative	*andalāki
Directive	*andatiki
Comitative	*andagili

Derived terms

*andaka (“guest”)

Descendants

Jurchenic:
- Jurchen: *alda
  - Manchu: ᠠᠨᡩᠠ (anda)
Tungusic:
- Northern Tungusic:
  - Evenki: анда (anda)
  - Even: анда (anda)
  - Negidal: анда (anda)
- Southern Tungusic:
  - Central:
    - Oroch: анда (anda)
    - Udihe: анда (anda)
  - South-Eastern:
    - Nanai: анда (anda)
    - Orok: анда (anda)
    - Ulch: анда (anda)

References

Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 42-43
Rozycki, William Vincent (1994) Mongol Elements in Manchu (Uralic and Altaic series; 157), Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University, Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, page 32