Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/üŕeŋgü

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Perhaps from earlier *yüŕeŋgü, from *yüŕ-, and is a cognate of *yüŕük (“ring”).

Noun

*üŕeŋgü

stirrup

Declension

Declension of *üŕeŋgü
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*üŕeŋgü
accusative	üŕeŋgüg, üŕeŋgün¹⁾
genitive	*üŕeŋgünŋ
dative	*üŕeŋgük
locative	*üŕeŋgüd
ablative	*üŕeŋgüdn
allative	*üŕeŋgügr
instrumental ²⁾	*üŕeŋgün
equative ²⁾	*üŕeŋgüč
similative ²⁾	*üŕeŋgüly
comitative ²⁾	*üŕeŋgülg

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

→ Proto-Mongolic: *dörüŋge
- Classical Mongolian: ᠳᠥᠷᠦᠭᠡ (dörüge)
  - Mongolian: дөрөө (döröö)
  - Buryat: дүрөө (düröö)
  - Kalmyk: дөрэ (döre)
- Daur: дурэнги (dürēngi)
  - → Evenki: дуруки (duruki)
  - → Orok: [script needed] (dūrēke, “saddle”)
  - → Solon Evenki: [script needed] (dürēŋki)^[1]
Oghur:
- Proto-Bulgar:
  - Volga Bulgar:
    - Chuvash: йӑрана (jărana)
    - → Eastern Mari: ӧртньӧроҥго (örtńöroŋgo)
Proto-Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- Proto-Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: اوزنكی
    - Azerbaijani: üzəngi
    - Gagauz: özengi
    - Ottoman Turkish: اوزنكی (üzengi), իւզէնկի (üzengi) — Armeno-Turkish
      - Turkish: üzengi
      - → Albanian: yzengji
      - → Armenian: օրզանգու (ōrzangu)
      - → Georgian: უზანგი (uzangi)
      - → Macedonian: узенгија (uzengija)
      - → Middle Armenian: զանկու (zanku)
      - → Serbo-Croatian: uzèngija / узѐнгија
  - Salar: özengü (“ladder”)
  - Turkmen: üzeňňi
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (üzengü)
  - Khorezmian Turkic:
    - Chagatai:
      - Uyghur: ئۈزەڭگە (üzengge)
      - Uzbek: uzangi
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: өҙәңге (öźəñge)
  - Tatar: өзәңге (özäñge)
- Kipchak-Cuman:
  - Cuman: uxangi
    - Mamluk-Kipchak: اوزانكو (üzengü)
    - Crimean Tatar: zengi
    - Karachay-Balkar: ёзенги (yozeñi)
    - Karaim: ӧзэнги, эзинге
    - Kumyk: оьзенги (özeñi)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: [script needed] (üzeŋgi)
    - Kazakh: үзеңгі (üzeñgı)
    - Nogai: зоьнъги (zöñgi)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: үзөңгү (üzöŋgü)
    - Southern Altai: ӱзеҥи (üzeŋi)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰇𐰔𐰭𐰇 (üzŋü)
  - Old Uyghur: [script needed] (üzengi)
    - Western Yugur: [script needed] (ezeŋkï)
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: иҥэһэ (iñehe), иһэҥэ (iheñe)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: эзеңгі
    - Tuvan: эзеңги (ezeñgi)
  - Yeniseian Turkic:
    - Khakas: ізеңе (ìzeñe)
    - Shor: [script needed] (izeŋe)

References

^ Khabtagaeva, B. (2012). THE DAGUR ELEMENTS IN SOLON EVENKI. Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 65(3), 335–346. [1]

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
[2]

[1] Khabtagaeva, B. (2012). THE DAGUR ELEMENTS IN SOLON EVENKI. Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 65(3), 335–346. [1]

[1]