Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/čarlag

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Räsänen suggets that the word is from *čarla- (“to whet”) from *čar (“whetstone”) to which Róna-Tas agrees, pointing to the final long vowel in Hungarian.

Bang instead suggests a derivation from *or- (“to mow”). Yegorov refutes this and suggests that the Chuvash form is borrowed instead, ultimately being from Proto-Iranian *cr̥Hwáh (“horn”).^[1] Ligeti rejects this, however he still suggests that the Iranic and the Turkic forms may be interrelated, he further suggests a derivation from *yār- (“to split”), however Róna-Tas rejects this from a chronological perspective.

Noun

*čarlag

(Oghur) sickle
Synonym: *orgak

Declension

Declension of *čarlag
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*čarlag
accusative	čarlagïg, čarlagnï¹⁾
genitive	*čarlagnïŋ
dative	*čarlagka
locative	*čarlagda
ablative	*čarlagdan
allative	*čarlaggaru
instrumental ²⁾	*čarlagïn
equative ²⁾	*čarlagča
similative ²⁾	*čarlaglayu
comitative ²⁾	*čarlaglïgu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ҫурла (śurla)
- → Eastern Mari: сорла (sorla)
- → Hungarian: sarló
- → Komi-Permyak: чарла (ćarla)
- → Komi-Zyrian: чарла (ćarla)
- → Udmurt: сюрло (śurlo)

References

^ Jegorov, V. G. (1964) “ҫурла”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, page 221

Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 100
Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), volume II, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, page 697

[1] Jegorov, V. G. (1964) “ҫурла”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, page 221

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