Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-gil

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

preceding vowel
A / Ï / O / U	E / I / Ö / Ü
*-gïl	*-gil

Suffix 1

*-gil

(Common Turkic) Forms the second-person singular imperative.
‎*ẹĺit- (“to listen”) + ‎*-gil → ‎*ẹĺitgil (“Listen!”)

Related terms

*-eyin (“suffix forming first-person singular imperative”)
*-zün (“suffix forming third-person singular imperative”)
*-elim (“suffix forming first-person plural imperative”)
*-iŋ (“suffix forming second-person plural imperative”)

Descendants

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: ـكل (-gil)
  - Classical Azerbaijani: -gilən
    - Azerbaijani: -ginən, -ynən (dial.), -gilən, -gilə (South Azerbaijani)
    - Turkmeneli Turkic: -ginen
  - Ottoman Turkish: ـكل (-gil)
    - Turkish: -gilen, -gilene (dialect in Dulkadirli, Kırşehir)
- Salar: -gil
- Turkmen: -gin (dial.)
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (-gil), [script needed] (-ğıl)
  - Chagatai: [script needed] (gil), [script needed] (-gin)
    - Uyghur: [script needed] (-gil), [script needed] (-gin)
    - Uzbek: -gil, -gin
Kipchak: [script needed] (-gil)
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: -ҡыла (-qıla), -келе (-kele) (dial.)
- Kipchak-Nogai:
  - Kazakh: -гін (-gın), -ғын (-ğyn)
- South Kipchak:
  - East Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: -гыла (-gıla), -гула (-gula) (dial.)
    - Southern Altai: -гыла (-gïla), -гула (-gula), -гиле (-gile), -гӱле (-güle), -кыла (-kïla), -кула (-kula), -киле (-kile), -кӱле (-küle), -гын (-gïn), -гин (-gin), -кын (-kïn), -кин (-kin)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰏𐰠 (-gil)
  - Old Uyghur: -gyl (-gil)

Suffix 2

*-gil

Forms denominal adjectives.
‎*üč (“three”) + ‎*-gil → ‎*üčgil (“triangle, three sided”)

‎*baĺč (“head”) + ‎*-gil → ‎*baĺčgïl (“a quadruped with a white head”)

Related terms

*-il (“suffix forming deverbal adjectives”)
*-sil (“suffix forming deverbal adjectives”)

Derived terms

Category Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-gil not found

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “-ğıl/-gil”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page xliii
Caferoğlu, A. (1971). “Türkçemizdeki -ğıl ve -ğil Emir Kipi”. Türk Dili Araştırmaları Yıllığı: Belleten, pp. 1-10. [1]
Sarıkaya, Mahmut. (October 2005). “Teklik İkinci Kişi Emir Çekimlerinin Anadolu ve Azerbaycan Ağızlarındaki Değişik Örnekleri Üzerine”, II. Kırşehir Kültür Araştırmaları Bilgi Şöleni. [2]