Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/küdeč
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Of uncertain origin. Proposals include:
- EDAL reconstructs *kübeč in order to connect with Proto-Tungusic *gǖb- (“to fume”), Korean 굽다 (gupda, “to bake”) and Japanese 香る (kaoru, “to smell good”) under the disputed Altaic theory, however this form is phonologically impossible as otherwise the historical forms, which EDAL does not include, küδeč and küzeč would be inexplicable.
- Nişanyan suggests a derivation *kǖd- (“to wait”) + *-geč, this is phonologically improbable as the earliest instance should've been *küδgüč ~ *küzgüč.
- Clauson instead searches for a foreign origin, possibly from Iranic, with the possible addition of *-č (“diminutive suffix”) (note however that said suffix is usually reserved for kinship terms)[1]. Compare Khotanese kūysa- (“pot, jar”) and Persian کوزه (kuze, “earthen bottle”) (whence Chagatai کوزه (küze), Turkmen küýze etc.) from Proto-Indo-European *kog- ~ *keg- ~ *keng- (“peg, hook; claw”) or *kew(H)- ("to bend").[2][3]
Noun
*küdeč
Declension
| singular | plural 2) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | *küdeč | *küdečler |
| accusative | ||
| genitive | *küdečniŋ | *küdečlerniŋ |
| dative | *küdečke | *küdečlerke |
| locative | *küdečte | *küdečlerde |
| ablative | *küdečten | *küdečlerden |
| instrumental 1) | *küdečlerin | |
| equative 1) | *küdečče | *küdečlerče |
1) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
2) This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghuz:
- Kipchak:
- East Kipchak:
- Southern Altai: кӧӧш (kööš)
- East Kipchak:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: كُزَجْ (küzeč), كُوَجْ (küweč), كُذَجْ (küδeč)
- Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽱𐽶𐽽 (küvič), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽰𐽽 (küzeč, “sacrifical pot, kettle”)
References
- ^ Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation[1], volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 44-46
- ^ Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 62
- ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 355
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “küveç, küḏeç”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 687, 757
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “güveç”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[2], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill