Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/karsak

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*karsak

steppe fox

Declension

Declension of *karsak
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*karsak
accusative	karsakïg, karsaknï¹⁾
genitive	*karsaknïŋ
dative	*karsakka
locative	*karsakda
ablative	*karsakdan
allative	*karsakgaru
instrumental ²⁾	*karsakïn
equative ²⁾	*karsakča
similative ²⁾	*karsaklayu
comitative ²⁾	*karsaklïgu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Karluk:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qarsaq)
- Karakhanid: قَرْساقْ (qarsaq)
- Uzbek: qarsoq
Kipchak:
- Northern Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: ҡарһаҡ (qarhaq)
  - Tatar: карсак (qarsaq)
- Eastern Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: карсак (karsak)
- South Kipchak:
  - Karakalpak: qarsaq
  - Kazakh: қарсақ (qarsaq)
- → Hungarian: Karcag
- → Russian: корсак (korsak)
  - → English: corsac

Notes

Transcribed in Weilüe as 昆子 (OC *kûn-tsəʔ).^[1]

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*KArsak”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

^ "Section 28 – The Kingdom of Dingling (Around Lake Baikal and on the Irtish River)" note 28.3 The Peoples of the West from the Weilue 魏略 by Yu Huan 魚豢 A Third Century Chinese Account Composed between 239 and 265 CE Quoted in zhuan 30 of the Sanguozhi Published in 429 CE Draft English translation by John E. Hill (September, 2004)

[1] "Section 28 – The Kingdom of Dingling (Around Lake Baikal and on the Irtish River)" note 28.3 The Peoples of the West from the Weilue 魏略 by Yu Huan 魚豢 A Third Century Chinese Account Composed between 239 and 265 CE Quoted in zhuan 30 of the Sanguozhi Published in 429 CE Draft English translation by John E. Hill (September, 2004)

[1]