Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ses

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Most likely an onomatopoeic root.

Noun

*ses

voice, sound
Synonyms: *tabïš, *ǖn

Declension

Declension of *ses
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*ses
accusative	sesig, sesni¹⁾
genitive	*sesniŋ
dative	*seske
locative	*sesde
ablative	*sesden
allative	*sesgerü
instrumental ²⁾	*sesin
equative ²⁾	*sesče
similative ²⁾	*sesleyü
comitative ²⁾	*sesligü

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: сасӑ (sas̬ă)
Common Turkic:
Arghu:
- Khalaj: səs

Proto-Oghuz: *ses
- West Oghuz:
  - Azerbaijani: səs
    - → Armenian: սա̈ս (säs) — Karabakh
    - → Lezgi: сес (ses)
    - → Tabasaran: сес (ses)
  - Ottoman Turkish: سس (ses)
    - Gagauz: ses
    - Turkish: ses
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: ses
Karluk:
- Uzbek: sas
Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: ses
  - Karaim: ses
  - Kumyk: сес (ses)
- South Kipchak:
  - Karakalpak: сес (ses)
  - Kazakh: сес (ses)
  - Nogai: сес (ses)

References

Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 413
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ses”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill