Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yïp

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Connected with Proto-Mongolic *jexeg (“thin thread”) by EDAL, however the Mongolian is likely a borrowing from Proto-Turkic *yïpak (“silk”).

Noun

*yïp

string, cord, rope, line, thick strands of other cordage that are twisted together

Derived terms

⇒ *yïp-āk (“silk”)
⇒ *yïp-la- (“to pluck hair with a string”)
- ⇒ *yïp-la-ĺč- (“to pluck eachother's hair with a string”)
- ⇒ *yïp-la-t- (“to make pluck eachother's hair with a string”)

Declension

Declension of *yïp
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*yïp
accusative	yïpïg, yïpnï¹⁾
genitive	*yïpnïŋ
dative	*yïpka
locative	*yïpda
ablative	*yïpdan
allative	*yïpgaru
instrumental ²⁾	*yïpïn
equative ²⁾	*yïpča
similative ²⁾	*yïplayu
comitative ²⁾	*yïplïgu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ҫип (śip)
- →⇒ Hungarian: gyeplő
Proto-Common Turkic: *yïp

Arghu:
- Khalaj: yîp
Oghuz:
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: اِیپْ (ip)
    - Azerbaijani: ip
    - Gagauz: ip
    - Ottoman Turkish: ایپ (ip)
      - Turkish: ip
- Oghuz-Uyghur:
  - Salar: yip
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: ýüp
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (yıp)
  - Chagatai: [script needed] (yip)
    - Uyghur: [script needed] (ip)
    - Uzbek: ip
Kipchak: [script needed] (yip)
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: еп (yep)
  - Tatar: җеп (cep)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: cip
  - Karachay-Balkar: гъиб (ğib)
  - Karaim: йип
- South Kipchak:
  - Karakalpak: jip
  - Kazakh: жіп (jıp)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: жип (jip)
  - Southern Altai: јип (ǰip)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic:
  - Old Uyghur: yyb (yïp)
    - Western Yugur: jip
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: сип (sip)
- South Siberian:
  - Yeniseian Turkic:
    - Khakas: чiп (çip)
    - Shor: чип

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yıp”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 870
al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943
Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Nauka, page 28
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ip”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 204
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jɨp / *jip”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill